Formation Of The Medieval Cities In The Kesh Oasis
Keywords:
Central Asia,Sogd,Kesh, Nasaf, Nakhshab, Shurobsoy, Zarafshan, city, archaeological monument, fortress, ruler, medieval, archaeological research, defensive walls, Dichje, Shishpir, Akhurpat.Abstract
This article is devoted to the formation and development of medieval cities in an oasis called Kesh oasis in the medieval sources located in the eastern part of the Kashkadarya Oasis, one of the largest historical and cultural countries of Central Asia, in which the information on the formation and development of the first cities in this region during the first Iron Age As the main factor in the formation of cities in the territory, the passage of a network of the Great Silk Road from the Oasis territory was noted as one of the main factors. The author also elaborated on the basis of comparison, comparison, analysis of the names of about ten major cities of the Middle Ages in the Oasis and their location, the data presented in the written sources of the Middle Ages with the results of archaeological research conducted in recent years.
Downloads
References
Abdullaev B., Mansurov O'. Shahrisabzning o'zbek davlatchiligi tarihidagi ma'muriy- siyosiy mavqeiga doir // Shahrisabzning jahon tarihida tutgan o'rni. Halqaro ilmiy konferenciya materiallari tezislari. T., “Fan”. 2002. P. 54.
Betger Е.K. Izvlechenie iz knigi “Puti i strani” Abul Kasima ibn Haukalya // Tr. SAGU. Arheologiya Sredney Azii. Vip. IV.
Shahrisabz ming yillar merosi. Albom, Toshkent, Sharq, 2002, P. 23.
Otaho'jaev A. So'gd konfederaciyasida Keshning o'rni // Shahrisabzning jahon tarihida tutgan o'rni. Halqaro ilmiy konferenciya materiallari tezislari. T., “Fan”, 2002. P.39.
Rtveladze E. V. Moneti Kesha. // Istoriya i kultura yujnih rayonov Sredney Azii v drevnosti i srednevekove. Tashkent, 1989. pp. 38-39.
Usmanova 3.I. Raskopki v Shahrisabze // Arheologicheskie otkritiya 1982 goda. M., 1984. P. 483.
Usmanova 3.I. Novie dannie k istorii Shahrisabza // Nauchnie trudi TashGU, № 441. Tashkent, 1973. P. 47.
Usmanova 3.I., Bahshicyan E. Balandtepe v Shahrisabze // Istoriya i kultura yujnih rayonov Sredney Azii v drevnosti i srednevekove. Tashkent, 1988. pp. 51-52.
Lunina S.B. Goroda Yujnogo Sogda v VIII-XII vv. T., “Fan”. 1984. P.19.
Srednevekoviy gorod Sredney Azii. P.132.
Ibn Havqal. Kitob surat al-ard (Movaraunnahr). Arab tilidan tarjima va izohlar muallifi Kamaliddinov Sh.S., T.: 2011. P.67.
Ravshanov P. Qarshi tarihi. T., Yangi avlod, 2006, P.107.
Saul Shaked. Rannee upominanie o gorode Nahshab // Qarshi shahrining jahon civilizaciyasi tarihidagi o'rni. Toshkent - Qarshi, “Fan”, ma'ruza, 2006, P.34.
Masson M. Е. Raboti Keshskoy arheologo-topograficheskoy ekspedicii TashGU (KATE) po izucheniyu vostochnoy polovini Kashkadarinskoy oblasti. // Arheologiya Sredney Azii. Sbornik nauchnih trudov № 533. Tashkent, 1977. pp. 24-38
Masson M. Е. Raboti Keshskoy arheologo-topograficheskoy ekspedicii TashGU (KATE) po izucheniyu vostochnoy polovini Kashkadarinskoy oblasti. // Arheologiya Sredney Azii. Sbornik nauchnih trudov № 533. Tashkent, 1977. pp.24-25
Ibn Havqal. Kitob surat al-ard (Movaraunnahr). Arab tilidan tarjima va izohlar muallifi Kamaliddinov Sh.S., T.: 2011. pp. 65-66.
Masson M. Е. Raboti Keshskoy arheologo-topograficheskoy ekspedicii TashGU (KATE) po izucheniyu vostochnoy polovini Kashkadarinskoy oblasti. // Arheologiya Sredney Azii. Sbornik nauchnih trudov № 533. Tashkent, 1977. P. 25
Masson M. Е. Raboti Keshskoy arheologo-topograficheskoy ekspedicii TashGU (KATE) po izucheniyu vostochnoy polovini Kashkadarinskoy oblasti. // Arheologiya Sredney Azii. Sbornik nauchnih trudov № 533. Tashkent, 1977. pp. 27-29
Bartold V. V. Turkestan v epohu mongolskogo nashestviya. Sochineniya v 9 tomah. T. 1. M.: Nauka, 1963. pp. 189-190.
Raimqulov A. Qashqadaryo vohasining o'rta asr shaharlari. “Nasaf” 2018.
Lunina S.B. Goroda Yujnogo Sogda v VIII-XII vv. T., “Fan”. 1984. P. 27.
Masson M. Е. Raboti Keshskoy arheologo-topograficheskoy ekspedicii TashGU (KATE) po izucheniyu vostochnoy polovini Kashkadarinskoy oblasti. // Arheologiya Sredney Azii. Sbornik nauchnih trudov № 533. Tashkent, 1977. pp. 47-48.
Lunina S.B. Goroda Yujnogo Sogda v VIII-XII vv. T., “Fan”. 1984. P.30.
Lunina S.B. Goroda Yujnogo Sogda v VIII-XII vv. T., “Fan”. 1984. P.39.
Lunina S.B. Goroda Yujnogo Sogda v VIII-XII vv. T., “Fan”. 1984. P.33.
Sagdullaev A.S., Usmonova Z.I. Razvedki v Yujnos Sogde. - AO. 1977. M., 1978. P. 537.
Lunina S.B. Goroda Yujnogo Sogda v VIII-XII vv. T., “Fan”. 1984.
Kamoliddinov S.Sh. Istoricheskaya geografiya Yujnogo Sogda i Toharistana po aroboyazichnim istochnikam IX-XIII vv. T., Uzbekistan, 1996, P.41.
Lunina S.B. Goroda Yujnogo Sogda v VIII-XII vv. T., “Fan”. 1984. pp.34-35.
Ravshanov P. Qashqadaryo tarihi. T., 1995. P. 226.
Masson M.Е. Raboti Keshskoy arheologo-topograficheskoy ekspediciya TashGU (KATE) po izuchenie vostochnoy polovini Kashkadarinskoy oblasti Uz SSR 1966. // nauchnih trudov TashGU №533, T., 1977, P.15.
Kamoliddinov S.Sh. Istoricheskaya geografiya Yujnogo Sogda i Toharistana po aroboyazichnim istochnikam IX-XIII vv. T., Uzbekistan, 1996, P. 41.
Sagdullaev A., Nizaev P. Razvetki v Kashkadarinskoy oblasti. - AO. 1976. P. 534.
34.Dresvyanskaya G.Ya., Marchuk V.Ya. Rannesrednevskovaya posuda Chechaktepe// Drevnyaya i srednevekovaya arheologiya Sredney Azii (k probleme istorii kulturi). Tashkent, 1990. P. 96.
Lunina S.B. Monumentalnie zdaniya u vorot Sariktepe. P. 115.
Masson M.Е. Raboti Keshskoy arheologo-topograficheskoy ekspedicii (KATE) po izuchenii vostochnoy polovini Keshskoy oblasti Uz SSR 1966 g. Arheologiya Sredney Azii // Sb. nauch. trudov TashGU. №533. Tashkent, 1977. pp. 27-29.
Masson M. Е. Raboti Keshskoy arheologo-topograficheskoy ekspedicii TashGU (KATE) po izucheniyu vostochnoy polovini Kashkadarinskoy oblasti UzSSR // Sbornik nauchnih trudov TashGU №533. Arheologiya Sredney Azii. Tashkent, 1977. pp. 3-63.
Bartold V. V. Turkestan v epohu mongolskogo nashestviya. Sochineniya v 9 tomah. T. 1. M.: Nauka, 1963. P. 188.
Kabanov S. K. Arheologicheskie razvedki v Shahrisabzskom oazise // Izvestiya AN UzSSR, 1951, N 6. P. 68.
Lunina S. B. Goroda Yujnogo Sogda v VIII-XII vv. Tashkent: Fan, 1984. S. 26. Rtveladze E. V., Sagdullaev A. S. Pamyatniki minuvshih vekov. Tashkent: Uzbekistan, 1986. P. 56.
Masson M. Е., Pugachenkova G. A. Shahrisabz pri Temure i Ulugbeke // Trudi SAGU, vip. 49 (61). Tashkent, 1953. P. 21.
Bartolьd V. V. Turkestan... P. 188.
Rtveladze E.V., Sagdullaev A.S. Pamyatniki... P. 56., Sultanov X.T. K istorii formirovaniya arhitekturnih ansambley Shahrisabza XIV-XV vv. // Avtoreferat dissertacii... k.i.n. Samarkand, 1990. P. 10.
Krasheninnikova N. I. Izuchenie citadeli Kesha // Arheologicheskie otkritiya 1977 goda. M., 1978. P. 527.
Krasheninnikova N. I. Raboti v Kitabe // Arheologicheskie otkritiya 1982 goda. M., 1984. P. 474.
Kabanov S. K. Arheologicheskie razvedki... P. 68.
Dresvyanskaya G.YA., Lunina S.B., Sultanov H.S., Usmanova Z.I. Shahrisyabz. Ch. I,
II. Tashkent, 1993. P. 19
Raimkulov A.A., Suleymanov R.H. i dr. Otchet SHahrisabzskogo otryada o rabotah po arheologichesko-munadzoru na kompleksah Ak-Saray i Dorus-Siadat // Arhiv Instituta arheologii AN RUz, 1996.
Masson M.Е., Pugachenkova G.A. Shahrisyabz pri Timure i Ulugbeke // Trudi Sredneaziatskogo Gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Vip. XLIX. Arheologiya Sredney Azii. Tashkent, 1953. P. 33.
Masson M.Е., Pugachenkova G.A. Shahrisyabz pri Timure i Ulugbeke // Trudi Sredneaziatskogo Gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Vip. XLIX. Arheologiya Sredney Azii. Tashkent, 1953. P. 21.
Smirnova O.I. K hronologii sredneaziatskih dinastov VII-VIII vv. // Strani i narodi Vostoka. Vip. 2. M., 1961. P. 47
Очилдиев Ф.Б. Сурхон воҳаси бекликларидаги ижтимоий-сиёсий ва иқтисодий ўзгаришлар. Т.: ABU MATBUON-KONSALT. 2008.105.б.
Sagdullaev A., Ochildiev F., Kholikulov A., Shaydullaev A., Togaev J. Problems Of Cartography Of Ancient EthnoCultural Processes In Central Asia. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 9/4, 2020. Pp.745-748
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.