A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW OF EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND JOB SATISFACTION WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO AGE, GENDER AND WORK EXPERIENCE
Keywords:
Literature review, Employee Engagement, Job Satisfaction, Demographic, Age, Gender, Work Experience.Abstract
Job Satisfaction & Employee Engagement has gained significant attention in the recent times. Because of growing importance of job satisfaction & employee engagement, a lot has been studied in terms of research. Few researchers also extended their studies with employee engagement, job satisfaction & their relationship with demographics like work experience, race, employment type, age, education, income, marital status, gender etc. In this study, researcher has made an attempt to explore the relationship of select demographics i.e. age, gender, work experience with employee engagement and / or Job Satisfaction. This study is based on a secondary data which is gathered from papers, articles, thesis, surveys & online documents. A total of 105 articles / papers / theses / online documents has been studied as a part of literature review. Findings of this study shows that there is maximum number of literature studied for Gender as demographic compared to other demographics like Age & Work Experience in relationship with employee engagement and / or job satisfaction. Findings of this research can be useful for researcher for the knowledge implementation in employee engagement & job satisfaction research area with exploring extension of research beyond studied demographics in this paper. There can be a better future scope for any researcher to study the subject with different demographic or any particular demographic in detailed. Study in future scope can be explored for other constructs than studied in this paper i.e., employee engagement and job satisfaction. Future studies can be focused on specific countries and / or industries. It can be concluded that maximum number of studied literatures is from countries like USA & India in comparison to other countries. It is also observed that maximum number of studied literatures is from recent years like 2020, 2016, 2015 compared other years of publication. It is also seen that the construct Job Satisfaction is studied in maximum number of literature than employee engagement. Maximum number of literature has searched from google scholar & wiley databases compared to other databases.
References
• Bakker, A.B. and Leiter M.P., 2010. Work engagement: a handbook of essential theory and research. New York, NY: Psychology Press.
• The relationship between Employee Engagement at work and organizational outcomes Gallup 2012 Q12 Meta-analysis
• Employee Engagement: A Literature Review Dharmendra MEHTA, Naveen K. MEHTA, Economia. Seria Management Volume 16, Issue 2, 2013
• A study on Employee Engagement in select organization: Dr D Madan Mohan G Nalini, ITIHAS The journal of Indian Management Volume 6 Issue 3, 2016.pg 44-47.
• Employee Engagement: A Structured Theoretical Review the International Journal of Business & Management Vol 2 Issue 6 pg311
• Employee engagement: A key to improving performance, International journal of Business management, vol 5 no 12 December 2010
• The role of Employee engagement in work related outcomes –Interdisciplinary journal of research in Business volume 1, issue 3, March 2011(pp 47-61)
• Employee Engagement, Working Paper 05/07, SIES College of Management Studies Working Paper Series
• Managing Employee Engagement During Times of Change Aon Hewitt,June 2013 The new rules of employee Engagement Hay Group
• The role of employee engagement in work-related outcomes, Dr. Padmakumar Ram, Dr. Gantasala V. Prabhakar Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business Vol. 1, Issue. 3, March 2011(pp.47-61)
• A Study On Employee Engagement: Role of Employee Engagement In Organizational Effectiveness. IJISET - International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 1 Issue 6, August 2014. ISSN 2348 – 7968
• Impact of employee engagement on organizational performance: A study of select private sector banks Saloni Devi Asst. Professor, the Business School, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
• Alfes, K., Shantz, A. D., Truss, C., & Soane, E. C. (2013a). The link between perceived human resource management practices, engagement and employee behavior: A moderated mediation model. International journal of human resource management, 24(2), 330-351.
• Bakker, A., Van, E. H., & Euwema, M. (2006). Crossover of burnout and engagement in work teams. Work and occupations, 33(4), 464-489.
• Cha, S. C. (2007). Research on structural modeling of enterprise employee engagement. Unpublished manuscript, Jinan University, Jinan, China.
• Christian, M., Garza, A., & Slaughter, J. (2011). Work engagement: A quantitative review and test of its relations with task and contextual performance. Personnel psychology, 64(1), 89-136.
• Crawford, E. R., LePine, J. A., & Rich, B. L. (2010). Linking job demands and resources to employee engagement and burnout: A theoretical extension and meta-analytic test. Journal of Applied psychology, 95(5), 834-848.
• Demerouti, E., Mostert, K., & Bakker, A. (2010). Burnout and work engagement: A thorough investigation of the independency of both constructs. Journal of occupational health psychology, 15(3), 209-222.
• Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived organizational support. Journal of applied psychology, 71(3), 500-507.
• Fang, L. T., Shi, K., & Zhang, F. H. (2010). A literature review on employee engagement. Management review, 22(5), 47-55.
• Farndale, E. (2015). Job resources and employee engagement: A cross-national study. Journal of managerial psychology, 30(5), 610-626.
• Gan, T., & Gan, Y. (2014). Sequential development among dimensions of job burnout and engagement among IT employees. Stress and health: journal of the international society for the investigation of stress, 30(2), 122-133.
• Macey, W. H., & Schneider, B. (2008). The meaning of employee engagement. Industrial and organizational psychology, 1(1), 3-30.
• Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual review of psychology, 52(1), 397-422.
• Masterson, S. S., Lewis, K., Goldman, B. M., & Taylor, M. S. (2000). Integrating justice and social exchange: The differing effects of fair procedures and treatment on work relationship. Academy of management journal, 43(4), 738-748.
• May, D. R., Gilson, R. L., & Harter, L. M. (2004). The psychological conditions of meaningfulness, safety and availability and the engagement of the human spirit at work. Journal of occupational and organizational psychology, 77(1), 11-37.
• Paek, S., Schuckert, M., Kim, T. G. T., & Lee, G. (2015). Why is hospitality employees’ psychological capital important? The effects of psychological capital on work engagement and employee morale. International journal of hospitality management, 50, 9-26.
• Rich, B., Lepine, J., & Crawford, E. (2010). Job engagement: Antecedents and effects on job performance. Academy of management journal, 53(3), 617-635.
• Roof, R. A. (2015). The association of individual spirituality on employee engagement: The spirit at work. Journal of business ethics, 130(3), 585-599.
• Saks, A. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of managerial psychology, 21(7), 600-619.
• Xie, W. H. (2006). Engagement (1st ed.). Beijing: China Business Press. pp. 30-31.
• Salanova, M., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2008). A cross-national study of work engagement as a mediator between job resources and proactive behavior. International journal of human resource management, 19, 116-131.
• Salanova, M., Agut, S., & Peiro, J. M. (2005). Linking organizational resources and work engagement to employee performance and customer loyalty: The mediation of service climate. Journal of appliedpsychology, 90(6), 1217-1227.
• Salminen, S. R., Mäkikangas, A., & Feldt, T. (2014). Job resources and work engagement: Optimism as moderator among Finnish managers. Journal of European psychology students, 5(1), 69-77.
• Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Utrecht work engagement scale: Preliminary manual. Utrecht university, 3-60.
• Zhao, X. Y., & Sun, J. (2010). A literature review on employee engagement. Journal of Beijing university of posts and telecommunications, 12(5), 93-98.
• Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Rhenen, W. V. (2009). How changes in job demands and resources predict burnout, work engagement, and sickness absenteeism. Journal of organizational behavior, 30(7), 893-917.
• Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., Gonzalez-Roma, V., & Bakker, A. B. (2002). The measurement of engagement and burnout: A two sample confirmative factor analytic approach. Journal of happiness studies, 3, 71-92.
• Susana, L., Schaufeli, W., Bakker, A., & Salanova, M. (2007). Does a positive gain spiral of resources, efficacy beliefs and engagement exist? Computers in human behavior, 23, 825-841.
• Thompson, K. R., Lemmon, G., & Walter, T. J. (2015). Employee engagement and positive psychological capital. Organizationaldynamics, 44(3), 185-195.
• Wellins, R., & Concelman, K. (2005). Creating a culture for engagement. Workforce performance solutions, 4, 1-5.
• Wilmar, B. S., & Amold, B. B. (2006). The measurement of work engagement with ashort questionnaire: A cross-national study. Educational and psychological measurement, 66(4), 701- 716.
• Xanthopoulou, D., Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2009). Work engagement and financial returns: A diary study on the role of job and personal resources. Journal of occupational and organizational psychology, 82(1), 183-200.
• Xu, L., Guo, Y. J., & Wang, Y. (2013). Empirical research on engagement structure of manufacturing employees based on structural equation modeling. Management world, 6, 59-62.
• Zeng, H., & Han, J. L. (2005). To improve employee engagement. Enterprise management, 5, 9-10
• Philip E. Varca, Garnett S. Shaffer, and Cynthia D. McCauley, "Gender Differences in Job Satisfaction Revisited," Academy of ManagementJournal, June 1983, pp. 348-53.
• "Trends in Job Satisfaction in the United States by Race, Gender, and Type of Occupation," Research in the Sociology of Work, 1995, pp. 87-104; and Amy S. Wharton, Thomas Rotolo, and Sharon R. Bird, "Social Context at Work: AMultilevel Analysis of Job Satisfaction," Sociological Forum, March 2000, pp. 65-87
• DeVaney SA,Chen ZS (2003). Job Satisfaction of recent graduates in Financial services, US Department of Labour. Bureau of Labour Statistics, Compensation and Working Conditions Online.
• Sur H, Mumcu G, Soylemez D, Atli Y, Idrim C (2004). Factors affecting Dental Job satisfaction, Evaluation and the Health Prof. The Haworth Press. 27: 152-164
• Wiedmer SM (1998). An examination of factors affecting employee satisfaction, Department of Psychology, Missouri Western University Publications, USA
• Chileshe, N. and Haupt, T.C. (2010), "The effect of age on the job satisfaction of construction workers", Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, Vol. 8 No. 1, pp. 107-118.
• Bhandari, K., & Soni, H. (2015). Impact of Gender, Age and Work Experience on Satisfaction. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 17 (3), 48-53.
• Gesinde, A. M., & Adejumo, A. (2014). Effects of Age and Work Experience on Job Satisfaction of Primary School Teachers: Implications for Career Counseling. Covenant University, 2(3), 302-309.
• Anastasiou, S. The moderating effect of age on preschool teachers’ trait emotional intelligence in Greece and implications for preschool human resources management. Int. J. Educ. Pract. 2020, 8, 26–36.
• Singh, B. Effect of emotional intelligence and gender on job satisfaction of primary school teacher. Eur. J. Educ. Res. 2016, 5, 1–9.
• El Khouly, Sayed and Mostafa, Abdulazim Ghoniem and Ghadami, Mohsen and Ibrahim, Mohammed, Impact of Emotional Intelligence and Gender on Job Satisfaction Among Egyptian Government Sector Employees (November 11, 2010). Current Research Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 22-27, January 25, 2011.
• Anton Vorina, Miro Simonič, Maria Vlasova (2017), An analysis of the relationship between job satisfaction and employee engagement, Economic Themes, 55(2): 243-262.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
