Examining Travel Motivations of International Tourists to Amritsar

Authors

  • Anuradha Chakravarty
  • Dr. Hardaman Singh Bhinder

Keywords:

Travel Motivations, Push and Pull factors, tourist satisfaction

Abstract

To address the scarcity of research concerning the constituents of travel motivations of International tourists to the city of Amritsar in Punjab (India), the present study collected a data of 282 International tourists and used Dann’s push-pull motivational typology. Factor analysis uncovered six travel motivations: Escape from routine and relaxation, fulfilling spiritual needs knowledge seeking, destination attributes, accessibility and entertainment activities to visit Amritsar. The findings reveal that the main motivation of the International tourists was the spectacular Golden Temple along with the cultural and historical attractions and the escape from routine for relaxation remained a major push motive. The findings also provides insights to the tourism authorities of Amritsar about various pull and push motivations and recommends that the service providers and the destination managers in this most visited place of Punjab must ensure tourists satisfaction in order to increase repeat visits and make it the most prized destination among the tourists all across the World.

References

Caber, M. and Albayrak, T. (2016), “Push or pull? Identifying rock climbing tourists’ motivations”, Tourism Management, Vol. 55, pp. 74-84.

Caber, Meltem & Albayrak, Tahir. (2016). Push or pull? Identifying rock climbing tourists' motivations. Tourism Management. 55. 74-84.

1016/j.tourman.2016.02.003.

CHA S, MCCLEARY K W, UYSAL M, 1995. Travel motivations of Japanese overseas travelers: a factor-cluster segmentation approach [J]. Journal of Travel Research, 33(2): 33–39.

Crompton, J. L. (1979). Motivations for pleasure vacation. Annals of Tourism Research, 6(4), 408-424.

Dann, G. M. S. (1977). Anomie, ego-enhancement and tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 4, 184–194.

Dann, G. M. S. (1981). Tourist motivation: An appraisal. Annals of Tourism Research, 8(2), 187-219.

Fakeye, P. C., & Crompton, J. L. (1991). Image Differences between Prospective, First-Time, and Repeat Visitors to the Lower Rio Grande Valley. Journal of Travel Research, 30(2), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759103000202

Fodness, D. (1994). Measuring tourist motivation. Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 21, No.3, pp.555-581.

Formica, S. (2000). Destination attractiveness as a function of supply and demand interaction. Virginia Poly-technical Institute and State University.

Gray, H.P. (1970) Wanderlust. Sunlust An analysis of summer sun tourists - outbound package holidays.International Travel: International Trade. Heath, Lexington.

Gray, J. P. (1970). International travel-international trade. Lexington: Lexington Books.

Iso-Ahola, S. E. (1980). The Social Psychology of Leisure and Recreation. Dubuque, IA: Brown.

Jang, S., & Wu, C-M. E. (2006). Seniors’ travel motivation and the influential factors: an examination of Taiwanese seniors. Tourism Management, 27: 306–316.

Klenosky, D.B. (2002): The “Pull” of Tourism Destination. A Means-End Investigation. Journal of Travel Research, Vol 40 (2), pp, 385 – 395.

Lubbe, B. (1998), “Primary image as a dimension of destination image: an empirical assessment”, Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, Vol. 7 No. 4, pp. 21-43.

Mak, A. H., Wong, K. K., & Chang, R. C. (2009). Health or self‐indulgence? The motivations and characteristics of Spa‐Goers. International Journal of Tourism Research, 11(2), 185-199.

Maslow, A. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370-396.

Ministry of Tourism, Government of India, India Tourism Statistics,2021. https://tourism.gov.in/market-research-and-statistics

Mohammad, BAMA, & Som, APM (2010). Analysis of push and pull travel motivations of foreign tourists to Jordan. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(12), 41- 50.

Mohammad, Bashar & Mat Som, Ahmad Puad. (2010). An Analysis of Push and Pull Travel Motivations of Foreign Tourists to Jordan. International Journal of Business and Management. 5. 10.5539/ijbm.v5n12p41.

Niemelä, T. (2010). Motivation factors in dark tourism. Case: House of terror (Bachelor’s thesis, Lahti University of Applied Sciences, Finland). Retrieved from http://publications.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/14984/Niemela_Titta.pdf

Pearce, P. L. (1988). The Ulysses factor-evaluating visitors in tourist settings. Springer-Verlag New York.

Pearce, P. L., and M. Caltabiano 1983 Inferring Travel Motivation from Travellers| Experiences. Journal of Travel Research 16Ð20.

Prayag, Girish. (2009). Tourists' evaluations of destination image, satisfaction, and future behavioral intentions-the case of mauritius. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing. 26. 836-853. 10.1080/10548400903358729.

Prayag, Girish. (2009). Tourists' evaluations of destination image, satisfaction, and future behavioral intentions-the case of mauritius. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing. 26. 836-853. 10.1080/10548400903358729.

Schiffman, L. G., & Kanuk, L. L. (1997). Consumer Behavior. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Shih.D. (1986): VALS as a Tool of Tourism Market Research. Journal of Travel Research, Vol. 26 (4), pp, 2 – 11.

Travel & Tourism Economic Impact,2022: Global trends https://wttc.org/Portals/0/Documents/Reports/2022/EIR2022-Global%20Trends.pdf

Uysal, M., & Jurowski, C. (1994). Testing the push and pull factors. Annals of Tourism Research, 21(4): 844 – 846.

Uysal, M., & Jurowski, C. (1994). Testing the Push and Pull Factors. Annals of Tourism Research, 21,844-846.

https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(94)90091-4

Witt, S.F., & Moutinho, L. (1989). Tourism marketing and management handbook.

Yiamjanya, S., & Wongleedee, K. (2014). International tourists’ travel motivation by push-pull factors and the decision making for selecting Thailand as destination choice. International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation, 8(5), 1348-1353.

Yiamjanya, S., & Wongleedee, K. (2014). International Tourists’ Travel Motivation by Push-Pull Factors and the Decision Making for Selecting Thailand as Destination Choice. International journal of humanities and social sciences, 8, 1348-1353.

Yousefi, M. and Marzuki, A. (2015). An Analysis of Push and Pull Motivational Factors of International Tourists to Penang, Malaysia. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 16(1), 40-56.

doi:10.1080/15256480.2015.991987

Yuan, S., & McDonald, C. (1990). Motivational Determinates of International Pleasure Time. Journal of Travel Research, 29, 42-44.

https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759002900109

Downloads

Published

2022-12-31

How to Cite

Chakravarty, A. ., & Bhinder, D. H. S. . (2022). Examining Travel Motivations of International Tourists to Amritsar. The Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government, 28(4), 2210–2222. Retrieved from https://cibgp.com/au/index.php/1323-6903/article/view/2760