THE REALITY OF THE ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF ALGERIAN WOMEN: ACCORDING TO INTERNATIONAL INDICATORS OF EMPOWERMENT

Authors

  • Dr. Soumia Dendougui The National Higher School of Political Sciences, (Algeria)
  • PhD. Khalid Hussein Shlash Al-Mahdawi PhD student Economics And Business Administration, Santiago de Compostela University
  • Dr. Mohamed Trifa Mohammed Seddik Benyahia University of Jijel (Algeria),

Keywords:

Economic empowerment, women, sustainable development, gender gap, labor force

Abstract

This research paper aims to determine the level of economic empowerment of Algerian women according to international indicators. The study also seeks to answer the main question of whether Algeria has the potential to enhance the level of economic empowerment of Algerian women and whether there is a real and actual will to achieve economic empowerment. To address the subject of the study on the status of Algerian women and their place in work within Algerian society between what reality imposes and what it faces in terms of challenges, both the case study method and the institutional legal approach were used to identify the indicators of economic empowerment in addition to identifying the most important legislation and legal reforms. The study found that there is a contrast between what the legislation and laws stipulate, and the practice and implementation of plans and programs based on gender in accordance with the principle of equal opportunity. The study concluded that despite the government's efforts to enact laws in accordance with the principle of equal opportunity, the reality proves that the efforts to economically empower Algerian women still have a long way to go to achieve this.

References

Agnes Quisumbing,& the others (2023)."Measuring Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture: Innovations and evidence". Global Food Security, 38(2023), 2-15.

Algerian Radio (2022). "The percentage of female workers in Algeria...and unemployment confuses 60% of Algerian university women", https://news.radioalgerie.dz (accessed 11 April, 2023).

Alkitkat Huda (2018). "Egyptian Female Labor Force Participation and the Future of Economic". Springer International Publishing .

Alouit Amira, Boulouiz Abdel-Wafi (2020)."Feminist Entrepreneurship as an Entrance to Achieving Women’s Economic Empowerment in Algeria-The Case of Algeria". Beam Journal of Economic Studies, 4(2), 25-40.

Arab Monetary Fund (2022). "the role of the Arab Monetary Fund in empowering Arab women". Abu Dhabi: United Nations.

Arab Women’s Organization (2004). "The fourth annual report of civil society organizations to empower women", Cairo: Dar Nubar Printing.

Atta Al-Shamlawi Hanan, Saqf Al-Hait Nahil Ismail (2018). "The impact of women’s empowerment on their participation rate in the labor force: an applied study on a sample of Arab countries". Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 16(1), 1-25.

Barry, A., & Dandachli, D. (2020). "L’emploi des jeunes et des femmes en Algérie: Obstacles et opportunités", Education For Employment 2020, https://efe.org (accessed 11 May, 2023).

Benny Dias Fiona (2020). "Achieving Sustainable Development Goals Through Women’s Economic Empowerment", in: W.Leal Filho & al. (eds.), Gender Equality, Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, Switzerland: Springer Nature.

Bouhlal Al-Tayeb, Touati Ahmed (2022)."The economic empowerment of Algerian women between law and reality", Journal of Legal and Social Sciences, 2022, 7(1), 583-601.

Boujhfa Rachida, Guidari Halima(2022). "Empowering Arab women in light of sustainable development between theoretical proposition and practical reality". Journal of Human Rights and Public Liberties, 7 (2), 477-507.

Constitution of the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria (2016). Algeria.

Dagmara Nikulin (2017). "The Impact of ICTs on Women’s Economic Empowerment", in: H. Kaur & al. (eds.), Catalyzing Development through ICT Adoption, Springer International Publishing AG.

Erin Markel (2014). "Measuring Women’s Economic Empowerment in Private Sector Development", https://www.enterprise-development.org (accessed 23 November, 2023).

Gharbi Ahsan(2020). "Rights and Constitutional Protection of Women in Light of the Constitutional Amendment of 2020", Al-Rustamiya Magazine, 2(2), 39-53.

Hamou Muhammad (2020). "Feminist Social Development to Empower Women Economically and Achieve Their Leadership in the Business Community", in: Maghreb Women between

Empowerment Efforts and Reality’s Constraints, Morocco: Dar Al-Irfan.

International Labor organization (2012). "Gender equality and decent work", Geneva: ILO.

International Labor Organization (2014). "Gender Equality and Non-Discrimination in Arab Countries" Beirut: Regional Office for Arab States, www.ifrro.org (accessed 07 July, 2023).

Issaoua Nabila (2013). "The role and status of Algerian women in the family and modern society". Journal of Arts and Social Sciences, 14(1), 196-208.

Kadri Mustafa(2016). "Algerian women and socialization in the context of social change". Journal of Human and Society Sciences, 18(1), 159-183.

Kechroud Shahinaz (2019). "Economic Empowerment of Algerian Women: A Human Right and a Development Bet". Al-Ijtihad Journal of Legal and Economic Studies, 8 (1), 490-513.

Michaeli Inna, (2021). "Women’s Economic Empowerment Feminism, Neoliberalism, and the State". Switzerland: Springer Nature.

National Office of Statistics. "Algeria in Numbers 2016-2018", https://www.ons.dz (accessed 11 July, 2023).

OECD (2011)."Women's economic empowerment", https://www.oecd.org (accessed 23 November, 2023).

OECD (2018). "a report on the economic empowerment of women in some Arab countries", Cairo: Arab Organization for Administrative Development.

OECD(2020)."Changing Laws and Breaking Barriers in Order to Achieve the Economic Empowerment of Women in Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, and Tunisia", France: OECD.

ONS Activité (2015). "Emploi & Chômage En Septembre 2015", la Direction Technique chargée des Statistiques de la Population et de l’Emploi, Alger, http://www.ons.dz (accessed 09 May, 2023).

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (2020). "Changing Laws and Breaking Barriers in Order to Achieve the Economic Empowerment of Women in Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, and Tunisia". France: OECD.

People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria. "List of International Labor Conventions Ratified by Algeria", for Algeria. https://www.mtess.gov.d (accessed 02 April, 2023).

Presidential Order No. 03302 (2002). "Constitutional Amendment to the 1996 Constitution", Algeria, https://www.el-mouradia.dz (accessed 04 April, 2023).

Presidential Order No. 03302, (4/15, 2002), Constitutional Amendment to the 1996 Constitution, Algeria, https://www.el-mouradia.dz/ (4/4/2023), p.66-67.

Rashidi Khadra, Hashem Amal (2022). "Measuring the Economic Empowerment of Arab Women through the Women Business Activities and Law Index 2021", Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 5(1), 1062-1081.

Salami Mounira(2016)."Women and the Problem of Economic Empowerment in Algeria". Algerian Journal of Economic Development, 1(5), 183-202.

Sida (2009). "Women’s Economic Empowerment: Key Issues and Policy Options", https://cdn.sida.se (accessed 10 October, 2023).

Taoussi Fatna(2019). "Legal Protection for Working Women: A Comparative Study in International

Law and Algerian Law", a thesis to obtain a Doctor of Science degree, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Mohamed Kheidar University of Biskra, Algeria.

Unemployment indicators in Algeria, https://ar.tradingeconomics.com (accessed 09 May, 2023).

United Nations Esco (2019). "Arab Gender Gap Report 2020, Gender Equality and Sustainable Development Goals", Beirut: United Nations.

Walter Leal Filho &the others (2021). "Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals Gender Equality", springer.

Downloads

Published

2024-01-01

How to Cite

Dendougui, D. S. ., Shlash Al-Mahdawi, P. K. H. ., & Trifa, D. M. . (2024). THE REALITY OF THE ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF ALGERIAN WOMEN: ACCORDING TO INTERNATIONAL INDICATORS OF EMPOWERMENT . The Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government, 30(1), 51–67. Retrieved from https://cibgp.com/au/index.php/1323-6903/article/view/2716