Investigating Online Impulse Buying Behavior In South Asian Context

Authors

  • MARRIYAM IFTIKHAR
  • DR. JAWAD IQBAL

Keywords:

Social Influence, Impulse Buying Tendency, Sales Promotion, Urge to Buy Impulsively, Online Impulse Buying Behavior, Stimulus-Organism-Response Model (S-O-R)

Abstract

Drawing on the stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) paradigm this study focuses on online sales promotion, impulse buying tendency and social influence to examine online impulsive buying behavior of online customers of Pakistan. The study further assesses the mediating role of urge to buy impulsively on the relationship of sales promotion, impulse buying tendency, social influence and online impulse buying behavior. A total 576 questionnaires were distributed to students from four universities of using convenience sampling technique. The study has used SPSS (version 21.0) and PLS-SEM (version 3.2.8) for analyzing data at 0.05 critical level. According to the analysis results all the factors including sales promotion, impulse buying tendency and social influence significant influence on online impulse buying behavior. Results revealed the positive impact of targeted constructs on online impulse buying behavior with mediating role of urge to buy impulsively.The study adds new theoretical linkages and empirical evidences on the interaction between by sales promotion, impulse buying tendency, social influence and online impulse buying behavior with theoretical support of S-O-R Model. Moreover, this study is useful for e-marketers in assisting them to develop appropriate policies and customer-driven strategies by addressing customer’s online impulse buying behavior in south Asian context.

References

Aadil, S. (2017). Ranked: These are the top 10 online ecommerce stores in Pakistan. Reterived from: https://propakistani.pk/2017/07/19/rankedtop-10-online-ecommerce-stores-pakistan/

Akram, U., Hui, P., Khan, M. K., Hashim, M., Qiu, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2017). Online Impulse Buying on “Double Eleven” Shopping Festival: An Empirical Investigation of Utilitarian and Hedonic Motivations. In International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management Springer, Cham, Japan, 680-692.

Akram, U., Hui, P., Khan, M. K., Tanveer, Y., Mehmood, K., & Ahmad, W. (2018). How website quality affects online impulse buying. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics.

Amarnath, D. D., & Jaidev, U. P. (2020). Toward an integrated model of consumer reactance: a literature analysis. Management Review Quarterly, 1-50.

Amos, C., Holmes, G. R., & Keneson, W. C. (2014). A meta-analysis of consumer impulse buying. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 21(2), 86–97.

Aragoncillo, L., & Orus, C. (2018). Impulse buying behaviour: an online-offline comparative and the impact of social media. Spanish Journal of Marketing-ESIC.

Atulkar, S., & Kesari, B. (2018). Role of consumer traits and situational factors on impulse buying: does gender matter? International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 46(4), 386-405.

Badgaiyan, A.J., & Verma, A. (2015). Does urge to buy impulsively differ from impulsive buying behavior? Assessing the impact of situational factors. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 22(1), 145-157.

Badgaiyan, A. J., & Verma, A. (2014). Intrinsic factors affecting impulsive buying behaviour—Evidence from India. Journal of Retailing and consumer services, 21(4), 537-549.

Bagozzi, R. P. (1986). Principles of Marketing Management, SRA Science Research Associates. Inc., Chicago.

Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of personality and social psychology, 51(6), 1173.

Beatty, S. E., & Ferrell, M. (1998). Impulse buying: Modeling its precursors. Journal of Retailing, 74, 169– 191.

Bellini, S., Cardinali, M.G., & Grandi, B. (2017). A structural equation model of impulse buying behaviour in grocery retailing. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 36, 164–171.

Chan, T.K., Cheung, C.M. & Lee, Z.W. (2017). The state of online impulse-buying research: A literature analysis. Information Management 54 (2): 204–217.

Chen, C. C., & Yao, J. Y. (2018). What drives impulse buying behaviors in a mobile auction? The perspective of the Stimulus-Organism-Response model. Telematics and Informatics, 35(5), 1249-1262.

Chen, Y., Li, D., & Zhao, Z. (2020, April). Research on Product Recommendation and Consumer Impulsive Purchase Under Social Commerce Platform—Based on S-0-R Model. In 5th International Conference on Social Sciences and Economic Development (ICSSED 2020) (pp. 215-223). Atlantis Press.

Chin, W. W. (2010). How to write up and report PLS analyses. In Handbook of partial least squares (pp. 655-690). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Modern methods for business research, 295(2), 295-336.

Chung, C., & Austria, K. P. (2012). Attitudes toward product messages on social media: An examination of online shopping perspectives among young consumers. InternationalJournal of E-Services and Mobile Applications, 4(4), 1-14.

Chung, N., Song, H. G., & Lee, H. (2017). Consumers’ impulsive buying behavior of restaurant products in social commerce. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.

Dawson, S., & Kim, M. (2009). External and internal trigger cues of impulse buying online. Direct Marketing 3 (1), 20–34.

Dawson, S. and Kim, M, (2010), Cues on apparel web sites that trigger impulse purchases, Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 14(2), 230-246.

Dublin, Feb. 07, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The "Pakistan B2C E-Commerce Market 2019" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering.https://www.globenewswire.com/news- release/2020/02/07/1981639/0/en/Pakistan-B2C-E-Commerce-Market-2019-By-2025-Half-of-the- Population-is-Expected-to-Have-Mobile-Devices.html

Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American journal of theoretical and applied statistics, 5(1), 1-4.

Fitri, F. R. (2018). The influence of web quality and sales promotion toward impulse buying behavior with openness personality as moderating variable. Jurnal Akuntansi, Manajemen dan Ekonomi, 20(1), 48-55.

Floh, A., & Madlberger, M. (2013). The role of atmospheric cues in online impulse-buying behavior. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 12(6), 425–439.

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of marketing research, 18(1), 39-50.

Foroughi, A., Buang, N. A., & Sadeghi, R. H. M. (2012). Exploring the influence of situational factors (money & time available) on impulse buying behaviour among different ethics. International Journal of Fundamental Psychology & Social Sciences (IJFPSS), 2(2), 41-44.

Foroughi, A., Buang, N. A., Senik, Z. C., & Hajmisadeghi, R. S. (2013). Impulse buying behavior and moderating role of gender among Iranian shoppers. Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, 3(4), 760-769.

Gwee, M. Y., & Chang, K. T. (2013). Developing E-Loyalty Amongst Impulsive Buyers via Social Influence on Group Buying Websites. In PACIS (p. 141).

Habib, M. D., & Qayyum, A. (2017). A Structural Equation Model of Impulse Buying Behavior in Online Shopping. UW Journal of Management Sciences, 1, 1-14.

Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2013). Partial least squares structural equation modeling: Rigorous applications, better results and higher acceptance. Long range planning, 46(1-2), 1-12.

Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing theory and Practice, 19(2), 139-152.

Hair Jr, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., & Kuppelwieser, V. G. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). European business review.

Hair Jr, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Matthews, L. M., & Ringle, C. M. (2016). Identifying and treating unobserved heterogeneity with FIMIX-PLS: part I–method. European Business Review.

Hashmi, H., Attiq, S., & Rasheed, F. (2019). Factors Affecting Online Impulsive Buying Behavior: A Stimulus Organism Response Model Approach. Market Forces, 14(1), 19-42.

Hayes, A. F. (2009). Beyond Baron and Kenny: Statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium. Communication monographs, 76(4), 408-420.

Henseler, J., Dijkstra, T. K., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., Diamantopoulos, A., Straub, D. W., ... & Calantone, R. J. (2014). Common beliefs and reality about PLS: Comments on Rönkkö and Evermann (2013). Organizational research methods, 17(2), 182-209.

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2009). The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing. In New challenges to international marketing. Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Herabadi, A. G., Verplanken, B., & Van Knippenberg, A. (2009). Consumption experience of impulse buying in Indonesia: Emotional arousal and hedonistic considerations. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 12(1), 20-31.

Hu, M., Huang, F., Hou, H., Chen, Y., & Bulysheva, L. (2016). Customized logistics service and online shoppers’ satisfaction: an empirical study. Internet Research, 26(2), 484-497.

Huang, L. T. (2016). Flow and social capital theory in online impulse buying. Journal of Business Research, 69(6), 2277–2283.

Jones, A.M., Reynolds, E.K., Weun, S., & Beatty, E.S. (2003). The product-specific nature of impulse buying tendency. Journal of Business Research 56 (7): 505–511.

Karbasivar, A., & Yarahmadi, H. (2011). Evaluating Effective Factors on Consumer Impulse Buying Behavior. Asian Journal of Business Management Studies , 2 (4), 174-181

Kazempour, Y. dan Lotfizadeh, F. (2017). The Impact of Situational Factors (Store, Personal) on Urge to Buy Impulsively and Impulse Buying Behavior. European Journal of Buisness and Innovation Research, 5(4), 12-27.

Keyton, J. (2015). 23 Outcomes and the criterion problem in communication competence research. Communication competence, 585.

Kim, A. J., & Johnson, K. K. (2016). Power of consumers using social media: Examining the influences of brand-related user-generated content on Facebook. Computers in Human Behavior, 58, 98-108.

Kotler, P., & Keller, K., L. (2016). Marketing Management, 15th Edition, Pearson Education,Inc.

Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and psychological measurement, 30(3), 607-610.

Kusmaharani, A. S., & Halim, R. E. (2020). Social Influence and Online Impulse Buying of Indonesian Indie Cosmetic Products.Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, 10(2), 237-248.

Lai, J. (2017). The Comparative Research on Online Impulsive Buying Behavior between the UK and China, Journal of Residual Science and Technology, 14(1), 119-124.

Lee, M. Y., Kim, Y. K., & Fairhurst, A. (2009). Shopping value in online auctions: Their antecedents and outcomes. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 16(1), 75-82.

Lee, Y. Y., & Gan, C. L. (2020). Applications of SOR and para-social interactions (PSI) towards impulse buying: the Malaysian perspective. Journal of Marketing Analytics, 8(2), 85-98.

Lin, P. C., & Lin, Z. H. (2013). Buying impulse triggered by digital media. The Service Industries Journal, 33(9-10), 892-908.

Liu, Y., Li, H., & Hu, F. (2013). Website attributes in urging online impulse purchase: An empirical investigation on consumer perceptions. Decision Support Systems, 55(3), 829–837.

Lo, L. Y. S., Lin, S. W., & Hsu, L. Y. (2016). Motivation for online impulse buying: A two-factor theory perspective. International Journal of Information Management, 36(5), 759-772.

Loureiro, S., Costa, I., & Panchapakesan, P. (2017). A passion for fashion: The impact of social influence, vanity and exhibitionism on consumer behaviour. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 45(5), 468-484.

Luo, X. (2005). How does shopping with others influence impulsive purchasing? Journal of Consumer Psychology, 15(4), 288–294.

Madhavaram, S. R., & Laverie, D. A. (2004). Exploring impulse purchasing on the Internet. Advances in Consumer Research, 31(1), 59–66.

Mehrabian, A., & Russell, J. A. (1974). An approach to environmental psychology. the MIT Press.

Miller, D. C., & Salkind, N. J. (2002). Handbook of research design and social measurement. Sage.

Ministry of Commerce.(2019). Government of Pakistan Ministry of Commerce Annual report 2019. http://www.commerce.gov.pk/

Mittal, S., Sondhi, N., & Chawla, D. (2018). Process of impulse buying: A qualitative exploration. Global Business Review, 19(1), 131-146.

Mohan, G., Sivakumaran, B., & Sharma, P. (2013). Impact of store environment on impulse buying behavior. European Journal of marketing, 47(10), 1711-1732.

Nagadeepa, C., Selvi, T., & Pushpa, A. (2015). Impact of sale promotıon technıques on consumers’ impulse buyıng behavıour towards apparels at Bangalore. Asian Journal of Management Sciences & Education, 4(1), 116-124.

Ning Shen, K., & Khalifa, M. (2012). System design effects on online impulse buying. Internet Research, 22(4), 396-425.

Pakistan Economic Survey. (2017-18). Pakistan Economic Survey (2017-18) Ministry of Finance Pakistan. http://www.finance.gov.pk/index.html

Parboteeah, D. V., Valacich, J. S., & Wells, J. D. (2009). The influence of website characteristics on a consumer’s urge to buy impulsively. Information Systems Research, 20(1), 60–78.

Park, E. J., Kim, E. Y., Funches, V. M., & Foxx, W. (2012). Apparel product attributes, web browsing, and e-impulse buying on shopping websites, Journal of Business Research, 65(11), 1583–1589.

Park, H. H., & Noh, M. J. (2012). The influence of innovativeness and price sensitivity on purchase intention of smart wear. Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 36(2), 218-230.

Parsad, C., Prashar, S., Vijay, T. S., & Sahay, V. (2019). Role of In-Store Atmospherics and Impulse Buying Tendency on Post-Purchase Regret. Journal of Business & Management, 25(1).

PTA. (2017). Pakistan Tellecommunication Authority Pakistan Annual report 2017. http://www.pta.gov.pk/

PTA. (2020). Pakistan Tellecommunication Authority Pakistan Annual report 2020. http://www.pta.gov.pk/

Ramayah, T., Lee, J. W. C., & In, J. B. C. (2011). Network collaboration and performance in the tourism sector. Service Business, 5(4), 411.

Rasheed,A., Yaqub, R.M., & Baig, F., (2017). Factors Affecting Impulse Buying Behaviours in Shopping Malls: Evidence from Bahawalpur Region, Pakistan. Journal of Marketing and Consumer Research, 39, 1- 20.

Rashid, M. A., Islam, T., Malik, M. U., & Ahmer, Z. (2019). Impact of materialism on impulsive buying: mediating role of credit card use and brand loyalty. Pakistan Economic and Social Review, 57(1), 23.

Rezaei, S., Ali, F., Amin, M., & Jayashree, S. (2016). Online impulse buying of tourism products: The role of web site personality, utilitarian and hedonic web browsing. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 7(1), 60-83.

Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Will, A. (2010). Finite mixture partial least squares analysis: Methodology and numerical examples. In Handbook of partial least squares (pp. 195-218). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Rook, D.W., & Fisher, R. (1995). Normative influences on impulsive buying behavior. Journal of Consumer Research 22, 305–313.

Ruvio, A. A., & Belk, R. W. (2013). A process view of transgenders’ self-identity conflict. The Routledge companion to identity and consumption, 141.

Sharma, P., Sivakumaran, B., & Marshall, R, (2010), “Impulse buying and variety seeking: A trait- correlates perspective”, Journal of Business Research, 63(3), 276-283.

Shen, K., & Khalifa, M. (2012). System design effects on online impulse buying. Internet a. Research, 22(4), 396-425.

Siorowska, A. G. (2011). Gender as a moderator of temperamental causes of impulse buying tendency. Journal of CustomerBehavior, 10(2), 119–142.

Sundström, M., Hjelm-Lidholm, S., & Radon, A. (2019). Clicking the boredom away–Exploring impulse fashion buying behavior online. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 47, 150-156.

Turkyilmaz, C. A., Erdem, S. & Uslu, A. (2015). The Effects of Personality Traits and Website Quality on Online Impulse Buying. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 175(2015), 98-105.

Usman, H. (2018, October 28). Pakistan’s e-commerce marketnearly doubles to Rs40b. The Express Tribune. https://tribune.com.pk/story/1835428/2-pakistans-e-commerce-marketnearly-doubles-rs40b/

Verhagen, T., & van Dolen, W. (2011). The influence of online store beliefs on consumer online impulse buying: A model and empirical application. Information & Management, 48(8), 320-327.

Weerathunga, A. K., & Pathmini, M. G. S. (2015). Impact of Sales Promotion on Consumer’s Impulse Buying Behaviour (IBB); Study in Supermarkets in Anuradhapura City. In Internat Ional Research Symposium Rajarata University of Sri Lanka (pp. 321-329).

Wells, J.D., Parboteeah, V., & Valacich, J.S. (2011), “Online impulse buying: understanding the interplay between consumer impulsiveness and website quality”, Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 12(1), 32-56.

Wiranata, A. T., & Hananto, A. (2020). Do Website Quality, Fashion Consciousness, and Sales Promotion Increase Impulse Buying Behavior of E-Commerce Buyers?. Indonesian Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship (IJBE), 6(1), 74-74.

Xiang, L., Zheng, X., Lee, M. K., & Zhao, D, (2016), “Exploring consumers’ impulse buying behavior on social commerce platform: The role of parasocial interaction”, International Journal of Information Management, 36(3), 333-347.

Zhang, K. Z., Xu, H., Zhao, S., & Yu, Y. (2018). Online reviews and impulse buying behavior: the role of browsing and impulsiveness. Internet Research, 28(3), 522-543.

Zhang, X., Prybutok, V. R., & Koh, C. E. (2006). The role of impulsiveness in a TAM-based online purchasing behavior. Information Resources Management Journal (IRMJ), 19(2), 54-68.

Zhao, X., Lynch Jr, J. G., & Chen, Q. (2010). Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and truths about mediation analysis. Journal of consumer research, 37(2), 197-206.

Downloads

Published

2021-04-30

How to Cite

IFTIKHAR, M. . ., & IQBAL, D. J. . (2021). Investigating Online Impulse Buying Behavior In South Asian Context. The Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government, 27(2), 1823–1849. Retrieved from https://cibgp.com/au/index.php/1323-6903/article/view/1089