Relationship between Social Media Marketing and Brand Loyalty with Moderating Effect of Culture: An Evidence from University Students

Authors

  • Dr. Ghulam Nabi
  • Dr. Nazir Haider Shah
  • Dr. Muhammad Naqeeb ul Khalil Shaheen
  • Naveeda Zeb
  • Mr. Abrar Hussain

Keywords:

Social Media; Brand Loyalty; Culture; Media Marketing; Customer Loyalty

Abstract

This research aimed to determine the relationship between social media marketing and brand loyalty. It also explores the moderating role of culture in the relationship between social media marketing and brand loyalty. 177 students from the universities of Pakistan and Azad Jammu and Kashmir were selected as a sample for conducting a cross-sectional survey. Self-managed questionnaires were used for data collection and correlation and regression analyses were used to analyze the data. The research results showed a positive impact of social media marketing on brand loyalty. Moreover, culture can alleviate the relationship between social media marketing and brand loyalty, which showed that culture had an impact on the use of social media and brand loyalty. The current study will be helpful for the marketers and decision-makers of the brands to make important decisions to increase Brand Loyalty by using Social Media Marketing but keeping in mind the cultural aspects.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ailawadi, K. L., Neslin, S. A., & Gedenk, K. (2001). Pursuing the value-conscious consumer: store brands versus national brand promotions. Journal of Marketing, 65(1), 71-89.

Akar, E., & Topçu, B. (2011). An examination of the factors influencing consumers' attitudes toward Social Media Marketing. Journal of Internet Commerce, 10(1), 35-67.

Al Kailani, M., & Kumar, R. (2011). Investigating uncertainty avoidance and perceived risk for impacting Internet buying: A study in three national cultures. International Journal of Business and Management, 6(5), 76.

Ali, F., & Muqadas, S. (2015). The Impact of Brand Equity on Brand Loyalty: The Mediating Role of Customer Satisfaction. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 9 (3), 890-915

Balakrishnan, B. K., Dahnil, M. I., & Yi, W. J. (2014). The impact of Social Media Marketingmedium toward purchase intention and brand loyalty among generation

Y. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 148, 177-185.

Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of personality and social psychology, 51(6), 1173.

Bitner, M. J. (1990). Evaluating service encounters: the effects of physical surroundings and employee responses. the Journal of Marketing, 69-82.

Castronovo, C., & Huang, L. (2012). Social media in an alternative marketing communication model. Journal of Marketing Development and Competitiveness, 6(1), 117-134.

Chaudhuri, A., & Holbrook, M. B. (2001). The chain of effects from brand trust and brand affect to brand performance: the role of brand loyalty. Journal of marketing, 65(2), 81-93.

Chen, G. M. (2005). A model of global communication competence.

De Vries, L., Gensler, S., & Leeflang, P. S. (2012). Popularity of brand posts on brand fan pages: An investigation of the effects of Social Media Marketing. Journal of interactive marketing, 26(2), 83-91.

East, R., Singh, J., Wright, M., & Vanhuele, M. (2013). Consumer behaviour: Applications in marketing. Sage.

Erdoğmuş, İ. E., & Cicek, M. (2012). The impact of Social Media Marketingon brand loyalty. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 58, 1353-1360.

Fang, T. (2003). A critique of Hofstede’s fifth national culture dimension. International journal of cross cultural management, 3(3), 347-368.

Ford, G., & Kotzé, P. (2005). Designing usable interfaces with cultural dimensions. In IFIP Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (pp. 713-726). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Godey, B., Manthiou, A., Pederzoli, D., Rokka, J., Aiello, G., Donvito, R., & Singh, R. (2016). Social Media Marketingefforts of luxury brands: Influence on brand equity and consumer behavior. Journal of business research, 69(12), 5833-5841.

Grewal, D., Krishnan, R., Baker, J., & Borin, N. (1998). The effect of store name, brand name and price discounts on consumers' evaluations and purchase intentions. Journal of retailing, 74(3), 331-352.

Ha, H. Y., & Perks, H. (2005). Effects of consumer perceptions of brand experience on the web: Brand familiarity, satisfaction and brand trust. Journal of Consumer Behaviour: An International Research Review, 4(6), 438-452.

Hall, E. T. (1981). La dimensión oculta. siglo XXI.

Hellier, P. K., Geursen, G. M., Carr, R. A., & Rickard, J. A. (2003). Customer repurchase intention: A general structural equation model. European journal of marketing, 37(11/12), 1762-1800.

Hjorth, L., & Yuji, M. (2008). Logging on locality: A cross-cultural case study of virtual communities Mixi (Japan) and Mini-hompy (Korea). Youth and media in the Asia Pacific, 215-230.

Hoffman, D. L., & Fodor, M. (2010). Can you measure the ROI of your Social Media Marketing?. MIT Sloan Management Review, 52(1), 41.

Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture's recent consequences: Using dimension scores in theory and research. International Journal of cross cultural management, 1(1), 11-17.

Hofsteds, G. (1980). Culture's Consequences: International differences in work related values, Geert Hofstede. London: Sage Publications.

Ismail, A. R. (2017). The influence of perceived Social Media Marketingactivities on brand loyalty: The mediation effect of brand and value consciousness. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 29(1), 129-144.

Ji, Y. G., Hwangbo, H., Yi, J. S., Rau, P. P., Fang, X., & Ling, C. (2010). The influence of cultural differences on the use of social network services and the formation of social capital. Intl. Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 26(11-12), 1100-1121.

Kim, A. J., & Ko, E. (2012). Do Social Media Marketingactivities enhance customer equity? An empirical study of luxury fashion brand. Journal of Business Research, 65(10), 1480-1486.

Laroche, M., Habibi, M. R., Richard, M. O., & Sankaranarayanan, R. (2012). The effects of social media based brand communities on brand community markers, value creation practices, brand trust and brand loyalty. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(5), 1755-1767.

Lekhanya, L. M. (2013). Cultural influence on the diffusion and adoption of social media technologies by entrepreneurs in rural South Africa.

Lewis, C. (2007). Deception, cultural differences and computer-mediated communication. AMCIS 2007 Proceedings, 85.

Lipsman, A., Mudd, G., Rich, M., & Bruich, S. (2012). The power of “like”: How brands reach (and influence) fans through social-media marketing. Journal of Advertising research, 52(1), 40-52.

Madanoglu, M. (2004). Validating restaurant service quality dimensions. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 7(4), 127-147.

Marshal, G., & Murdoch, I. (2001). Service quality in marketing of consulting engineers.

International Journal of Construction Marketing, 3, 534-559.

Mehrabi, A., Islami, H., & Aghajani, M. (2014). The effect of Social Media Marketingon customers' brand loyalty. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 4(8), 480.

Mellens, M., Dekimpe, M., & Steenkamp, J. B. E. M. (1996). A review of brand-loyalty measures in marketing. Tijdschrift voor economie en management, 41(4), 507-533.

Merisavo, M., & Raulas, M. (2004). The impact of e-mail marketing on brand loyalty. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 13(7), 498-505.

Okazaki, S., Díaz-Martín, A. M., Rozano, M., & Menéndez-Benito, H. D. (2015). Using Twitter to engage with customers: A data mining approach. Internet Research, 25(3), 416-434.

Palmatier, R. W., Scheer, L. K., & Steenkamp, J. B. E. (2007). Customer loyalty to whom? Managing the benefits and risks of salesperson-owned loyalty. Journal of marketing research, 44(2), 185-199.

Parsons, T., & Shils, E. A. (1951). Values, motives, and systems of action. Toward a general theory of action, 33, 247-275.

Reichheld, F. F., & Schefter, P. (2000). E-loyalty: your secret weapon on the web. Harvard business review, 78(4), 105-113.

Rose, G. M., & Straub, D. W. (2001). The effect of download time on consumer attitude toward the e-service retailer. e-Service, 1(1), 55-76.

Saravanakumar, M., & Lakshmi, S. T. (2012). Social Media Marketing. Life Science Journal, 9(4), 4444-4451.

Smith, R. M. (2003). Profiling the loyal customer in the financial services sector (Doctoral dissertation, Leeds Metropolitan University).

Tuten, T. L. (2008). Advertising 2.0: Social Media Marketingin a web 2.0 world: Social Media Marketingin a web 2.0 world. ABC-CLIO.

Vicere, A. (2004). Leading in a global world. Retrieved from http://www.leader- values.com/Content/detail.asp?ContentDetailID=180.

Yoon, S. J. (2002). The antecedents and consequences of trust in online‐purchase decisions. Journal of interactive marketing, 16(2), 47-63.

Zarantonello, L., & Schmitt, B. H. (2010). Using the brand experience scale to profile consumers and predict consumer behavior. Journal of Brand Management, 17(7), 532-540.

Zhu, H., Wang, Q., Yan, L., & Wu, G. (2009). Are consumers what they consume?-Linking lifestyle segmentation to product attributes: an exploratory study of the Chinese mobile phone market. Journal of Marketing Management, 25(3-4), 295-314.

Downloads

Published

2021-04-30

How to Cite

Nabi, D. G. ., Shah, D. N. H. . ., Shaheen, D. M. N. ul K. ., Zeb, N. ., & Hussain, M. A. . (2021). Relationship between Social Media Marketing and Brand Loyalty with Moderating Effect of Culture: An Evidence from University Students. The Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government, 27(2), 1053–1064. Retrieved from https://cibgp.com/au/index.php/1323-6903/article/view/1017