Document Type : Research Article
Authors
1 Universitas Pertahanan Indonesia, Indonesia
2 Universitas Pertahanan Indonesia,
Abstract
China's unilateral claim through the nine-dash line map covered part of the Indonesian
Exclusive Economic Zone in the North Natuna Sea. This research endeavored to explain
Indonesian Defense Diplomacy Strategy in resolving the claim peacefully, by avoiding open
military confrontation adhering to the principles of international maritime law UNCLOS 1982.
The cooperation between the two countries is much broader and takes into account Indonesia's
national interests. Therefore, the researchers offered an approach to avoid conflict through a
defense diplomacy strategy that chose to cool down the tensions between the two countries. It was
called as cool defense diplomacy.
Keywords
Main Subjects
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25. Morgenthau, H. J. (1948). Politics Amongs Nations : The Struggle for Power and Peace. Alfred A.
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26. Prasetya, A. (2020). Kata Istana soal Sikap Cool Prabowo Tangani Klaim China di Natuna.
https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4846260/kata-istana-soal-sikap-cool-prabowo-tangani-klaim-china-dinatuna
27. Saragih, H. M. (2018). Diplomasi Pertahanan Indonesia Dalam Konflik Laut China Selatan. Jurnal Ilmu
Politik Dan Komunikasi, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.34010/jipsi.v8i1.880
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Diplomacy. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/1868103419860669
30. Shicun, W. (2013). Solving Disputes for Regional Cooperation and Development in the South China Sea.
Chandos Publishing.
31. Sugiyono. (2010). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta.
32. TNI AU. (2016). Pesawat F-16 Dan T-50i Menuju Pulau Natura Ikuti Latihan Angkasa Yudha 2016. TNI
AU. https://tni-au.mil.id/pesawat-f-16-dan-t-50i-menuju-pulau-natura-ikuti-latihan-angkasa-yudha-2016/
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34. Werner, B. (2020, June 3). New Air Bases, Baby Cabbage Key to Chinese Long-Term Claims in South
China Sea. USNI News. https://news.usni.org /2020/06/03/new-air-bases-baby-cabbage-key-to-chineselong-term-claims-on-south-china-sea
Negaranya Punya Hak. Kompas. https://www. kompas.com/tren/read/2020/01/04/121300665/dianggaplanggar-teritori-di-natuna-kemenlu-china-sebut-negaranya-punya-hak?page =all#page2
2. BKPM. (2019). Realisasi Investasi PMA Berdasarkan Sektor Periode Oktober - Desember ( TW IV ) 2019
Sektor. 1, 2019.
3. Boothroyd, A. L. (1998). Owning The Islands: China's Movement Into the South China Sea. Dalhousie
University.
4. Cheng Evelyn. (2020, October 18). China says its economy grew 4.9% in the third quarter. CNBC.
https://www.cnbc.com/2020/10/19/china-economy-q3-gdp-2020.html
5. CNN Indonesia. (2020b, September 8). Menhan China Temui Prabowo terkait Laut China Selatan. CNN
Indonesia. https://www.cnnindonesia. com/ internasional/20200908184241-113-544171/menhan-chinatemui-prabowo-terkait-laut-china-selatan
6. CNN Indonesia.com (2020c, Agustus 7). China Selatan Memanas, RI Tegaskan Sikap ke AS dan China.
https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ internasional/ 20200 807161518-106-533312/laut-china-selatan-memanasri-tegaskan-sikap-ke-as-dan-china
7. Cottey, A., & Forster, A. (2013). Reshaping defence diplomacy: New roles for military cooperation and
assistance. Reshaping Defence Diplomacy: New Roles for Military Cooperation and Assistance, 1–84.
https://doi.org/ 10.4324/9781315000817
8. Dancel, R. (2018, February 5). China's air and naval facilities on contested islands in South China Sea
'almost ready''.' The Straits Times. https://www.s traitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/new-photos-show-china-isnearly-done-with-its-militarisation-of-south-china-sea
9. Detik.com (2020a, September 18). Siasat Bakamla Hadapi Taktik China di Natuna Utara. Detik.com.
https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5177818/siasat-bakamla-hadapi-taktik-china-di-natuna-utara
10. Du Plessis, A. (2008). Defence diplomacy : conceptual and practical dimensions with specific reference to
South Africa. Strategic Review for Southern Africa, 30(2), 87–119. http://repository.up.ac.za/
bitstream/handle/2263/ 10381/Du Plessis_Defence(2008).pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
11. Garcia, Z. (2014). China ' s Military Modernization , Japan ' s Normalization and its Effects on the South
China Sea Territorial Disputes. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.25148/ etd. FI14040898
12. Griffiths, M., Callaghan, T. O., & Roach, S. C. (2008). International Relations: The Key Concepts, Second
Edition. In International Relations.
13. Gunawan, D. (2020, September 18). Di Natuna, Kapal Bakamla Hadapi China dengan Meriam 12,7 MM.
DetikNews. https://news.detik.com/ berita/d-5178289/di-natuna-kapal-bakamla-hadapi-china-denganmeriam-127-mm
14. Junef, M. (2018). Sengketa Wilayah Maritim di Laut Tiongkok Selatan. Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure,
18(2), 219. https://doi.org/ 10.30641/ dejure.2018.v18.219-240
15. Kastra.id. (2020). Klaim China atas Perairan Natuna Ditolak Indonesia -
Kastara.ID.Kastra.Id.https://kastara.id/02/01/2020/klaim-china-atas-perairan-natuna-ditolak-indonesia/
Sutrimo Sumarlan et al / Indonesia defence diplomacy strategy in resolving china claims to Indonesia
exclusive economic zone in north natuna sea
Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government | Vol 27, Issue 2, 2021 272
16. Kohara, M. (2005). Information power and international security. Progress in Informatics, 1, 39–46.
https://doi.org/10.2201/NiiPi.2005.1.3
17. Korkut, E., & Kang, W. H. (2017). China's Nine Dash Line Claim in Light of the Ruling by the Permanent
Court of Arbitration (12 July 2016). Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs, 5(2), 425.
18. Kusnandar, V. B. (2019). Berapa Investasi Asing Tiongkok ke Indonesia? | Databoks.
https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2019/11/20/ berapa-nilai-investasi-tiongkok-ke-indonesia
19. Kusuma, H. (2020, November 5). Indonesia Resmi Resesi! Ekonomi Kuartal III-2020 Minus 3,49%.
DetikFinance. https://finance.detik.com/ berita-ekonomi-bisnis/d-5242305/indonesia-resmi-resesiekonomi-kuartal-iii-2020-minus349
20. Kusuma, W. S., Halkis, M., & Yusgiantoro, P. (2019). Diplomasi pertahanan Indonesia terhadap
pelanggaran wilayah oleh China di perairan kepulauan Natuna melalui pelaksanaan latihan puncak
Angkasa Yudha TNI AU tahun 2016. Jurnal Diplomasi Pertahanan, 59–78.
21. Kyodo. (2018, February 15). China has built seven new military bases in South China Sea, US navy
commander says. South China Morning Post. https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacydefence/article/ 2133483/china-has-built-seven-new-military-bases-south-china
22. Ma'ruf, F., Legionosuko, T., & Risman, H. (2020). The Rationality of Indonesia Free-Active Politics
Facing Chinese Aggressiveness in the Claims of the North Natuna Sea. Technium Social Sciences Journal,
8(6), 583–597.
23. Malek, M. (2013). A legal assessment of China ' s historic claims in the South China Sea. Australian
Journal of Maritime and Ocean Affairs, 5(1), 37–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/18366503.2013.10815728
24. Mintz, A., & DeRouen, K. (2010). Understanding Foreign Policy Decision Making. Cambridge University
Press.
25. Morgenthau, H. J. (1948). Politics Amongs Nations : The Struggle for Power and Peace. Alfred A.
Knopf.inc.
26. Prasetya, A. (2020). Kata Istana soal Sikap Cool Prabowo Tangani Klaim China di Natuna.
https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4846260/kata-istana-soal-sikap-cool-prabowo-tangani-klaim-china-dinatuna
27. Saragih, H. M. (2018). Diplomasi Pertahanan Indonesia Dalam Konflik Laut China Selatan. Jurnal Ilmu
Politik Dan Komunikasi, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.34010/jipsi.v8i1.880
28. SCMP Reporter. (2019). Explained: South China Sea dispute | South China Morning Post. This Week In
Asia. https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/article/ 2186449/explained-south-china-sea-dispute
29. Scott, D. (2019). Indonesia Grapples with the Indo-Pacific : Outreach , Strategic Discourse , and
Diplomacy. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/1868103419860669
30. Shicun, W. (2013). Solving Disputes for Regional Cooperation and Development in the South China Sea.
Chandos Publishing.
31. Sugiyono. (2010). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta.
32. TNI AU. (2016). Pesawat F-16 Dan T-50i Menuju Pulau Natura Ikuti Latihan Angkasa Yudha 2016. TNI
AU. https://tni-au.mil.id/pesawat-f-16-dan-t-50i-menuju-pulau-natura-ikuti-latihan-angkasa-yudha-2016/
33. Trademap.org. (2019). Trade Map - Bilateral trade between China and Indonesia.
https://www.trademap.org/tradestat/Bilateral_TS.aspx?nvpm=1%7C156%
7C%7C360%7C%7CTOTAL%7C%7C%7C2%7C1%7C1%7C1% 7C2%7C1 %7C1%7C1%7C1
34. Werner, B. (2020, June 3). New Air Bases, Baby Cabbage Key to Chinese Long-Term Claims in South
China Sea. USNI News. https://news.usni.org /2020/06/03/new-air-bases-baby-cabbage-key-to-chineselong-term-claims-on-south-china-sea
)