Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government

Obaidat, M. S., & Lorenz, P. (2016). Short form of electronic commerce is e- commerce, it is a type of innovative business model where individual or group or a firm can buy and sell on electronic network with support of internet. Another name of e-commerce is online commerce, web commerce, e-retail, e-tail and e-comm. But e-tail refers to any transactional processes around retail.

This paper analyses the advent of Fintech in the established ecosystem of businesses. There are ongoing innovations in the business environment, and Fintech has played a significant role in it. The fusion of digital technology and financial services has given rise to a concept called Fintech (Agarwal & Zhang, 2020). The ecosystem consisting of businesses flourishing in innovation is seen to adapt to Fintech to get a competitive advantage over other firms. The length and breadth of companies are rapidly widening with the emergence of Fintech. It gives rise to a centrally managed organization that has replaced the hierarchal system and turned into a fresh model. The disruption created by Fintech has helped many businesses to flourish by facilitating an innovative business ecosystem within their premises. There is little work associated with the role of Fintech in the ecosystem of businesses in evolution and development concerning pathbreaking innovative solutions. This study has tried to capture the essential aspects of Fintech and its application in several businesses and its innovative environment (Lee & Shin, 2018). It clarifies that the research about disruptive innovations and the creative environment in businesses is the need of the hour and deserves more attention than the present scenario. A sample of 189 people working in different financial sectors was surveyed to know the different roles and significance of Fintech as a Business Innovation Ecosystem in the financial sector. "Mean and t-test" was applied to analyze the data and results. It is found that Fintech is playing a significant part as a Business Innovation Ecosystem in the financial sector.

This article develops ways to accelerate the development of small business and private entrepreneurship in the Republic of Uzbekistan, prepares scientific developments and practical recommendations for future development of the industry.

In today's world, developed and developing countries are all aware of the importance of small and medium-sized businesses for economic growth and development. Such businesses have also attracted the attention of researchers in recent decades due to their large share in GDP, job creation and reduction of economic problems. Given the impact of small and medium-sized enterprises on economic growth and development and revenue growth, the need for growth of such companies is becoming more and more apparent that one of the ways to develop them is to use e-commerce. Therefore, considering the importance of the issue, the present paper has identified and prioritized the factors affecting the use of e-commerce in small and medium-sized enterprises in Iran.
The statistical population of this study consists of senior and middle managers of small and medium-sized enterprises located in Tehran. By using random sampling method, 130 people were selected as a statistical sample. With the help of a researcher-made questionnaire, the necessary information was collected and analyzed by using SPSS software version 24.
The results of the analysis of research hypotheses show that there is a significant positive relationship between technological factors and e-commerce. The correlation between organizational factors and e-commerce is also confirmed. In addition, the relationship between environmental factors and e-commerce is confirmed. Finally, other results show that the use of e-commerce can affect business performance.

The study investigates the impact of the females at the top, females with majority and minority ownership, and females as workers on the export orientation. Moreover, the study also examines the value relevance of the product, process, market, and organizational innovation in the relationship between the females at four different levels in hierarchy and export orientations in the case of emerging markets. The study use data of Enterprise survey conducted by the World Bank from 2002 to 2019 for 40 emerging countries. The sample included 20,019 export-oriented firms. We use hierarchical regression models for estimation. The results of various models show that females at the top position and females with majority ownership have a positive and significant effect on the export orientation. However, female minority ownership and female workers have no significant influence on export orientation. Moreover, product, market, and process innovations have a positive and significant incremental effect in the relationship between females at the top and females holding majority ownership and export orientation. The theory of internationalization is found valid as females in the two significant positions (majority shareholdings and manager at top) are found relevant to the export orientation of the firms. The findings of the study that females as controlling shareholder behave differently than men in emerging markets challenge the principal-principal agency conflicts. Organizations chasing the goal to improve their revenues and grow through exports shall try to attract female investors and hire or promote female to the rank of top-level managerial positions.Moreover, the results of the study encourage small firms to employ and utilize the potentials of females as managers and focus on innovations to exploit export opportunities.Whereas, to boost exports of the local industries, governments are required to provide structural and legal support.   

With the expanding internet reachability and improved broadband connectivity options, the online business has also grown tremendously. The modern generation is more computer savvy and have got more choices than ever before. On the flip side, the online business platforms are also struggling to offer more attractive and innovative marketing ideas. In consideration to the current environmental challenges, it cannot be overlooked as how significant the aspect of sustainability is crucial at both e-tailer and the online consumer’s front. Today’s customers are socially aware, and they are also cautious about the companies operating procedures to which consumer purchases the things, as company should also follow ethical practices. Safeguarding environment is a major concern for the current generation customers. A study conducted by IBM and National Retail federation, it was found that almost 80% of customers across the globe reported that environmental sustainability was important factor for them, and they now prefer more to buy green products. Today’s e-commerce platforms are highly competitive in nature and companies are very keen to create a differentiating factor to stand out in the cut-throat competition of websites. One such marketing strategy which is largely adopted by the online retailers is to present themselves as environment-friendly website, where emphasizing the sustainability aspect and promoting this phenomenon of green e-commerce is a part of their pledge and commitment. This pledge acts as a new hit point in attracting more customers. The paper attempt to analyse the impact of green marketing in online customers and tries to explore factors which they consider in buying products from such websites.

In this article, digitization, electronic government and its problems and solutions as a logical
continuation of innovation development are covered in detail. Also, a number of proposals and
recommendations have been developed within the framework of the topic.

The article presents research and data on the development parameters of the national economic situation of the country, the creation of a stable economic system and the current state of fisheries and the forecast parameters until 2025 for its further development

Quality of work-life explains the well-being of induvial at their organizations. It is a very important factor in their balance between family and social life. In this respect, current paper aims to investigate the relations between quality of work-life, knowledge sharing, and innovative culture among university lecturers in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. To do this, 166 data have been collected from public and private universities in the region. Based on the results, it has been observed that work-life quality is significantly and positively related to the innovative culture at universities. Therefore, it is suggested that university administrators should provide a healthy work environment to their academic staff for the effectiveness of their departments

Dental plaque is the community of microorganisms found on a tooth surface as a biofilm, embedded in a matrix of polymers of host and bacterial origin. If not removed regularly, the biofilm undergoes maturation and the resulting pathogenic bacterial complex can lead to dental caries, gingivitis and periodontitis. Dental plaque is seen in both genders and it depends on each individual’s oral hygiene maintenance, which prevents progression of disease such as gingivitis and periodontitis. The aim of the study is to evaluate the association of gender with the amount of plaque. Retrospective study was conducted using patient records of University hospital. Consecutive case sheets with plaque index records were retrieved. Data was entered in excel and coded, then imported to SPSS. Descriptive statistics and Peasron’s chi square association tests were done. The results were represented in the form of stacked bars.  In this study, it was observed that out of 1152 patients, 51% were males and 49% were females. In relation to distribution of plaque index interpretation, out of 1152 patients, 41.44% had good plaque index scores, 33.45% had fair plaque index scores and 25.11% had poor plaque index scores.Plaque index was good for males (22.59%) than females (18.85%). There was no statistically significant association found between gender and amount of plaque (Chi square test=5.266,p= 0.621). Amount of plaque accumulation is more in females with no association between gender and plaque index.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the innovative development of agriculture and its infrastructure services through mathematical materials and the development of prospects.The results of the multifactor econometric model were developed using statistical data and Eviews software. According to the results of the obtained econometric model, the influence of factors on changes in the volume of infrastructure services provided to agriculture was determined. Also, on the basis of the developed trend models, the forecast parameters of the volume of agricultural infrastructure services, gross agricultural output, the number of machine-tractor parks and zoo-veterinary stations until 2023 were determined.

This article explores the concepts of diversification and modernization and the factors that
influence them. Particular attention is paid to the comprehensive analysis of these concepts, the
study of their essence from the point of view of representatives of the classical school and
neoclassicists. Methods for assessing the competitiveness of an enterprise are analyzed. The
influence of diversification, modernization and innovation factors affecting competitiveness is
analyzed, their importance for increasing the country's export potential is revealed.

The digitalization of the economy has a huge impact on all socio-economic processes in general, with globalization and the active development of innovative technologies such as blockchain, artificial intelligence and cloud services, the digital economy has become an integral characteristic of the global and national economic system. The scale of the development of the digital economy in the world is difficult to assess accurately, as of 2019, the digital economy was estimated by the Boston Consulting Group at $ 2,3 trillion, for a group of 20 countries it was 4.1% of total GDP, and Oxford Economics estimated digital commerce at $ 20,4 billion, accounting for approximately 13,8% of global sales.
The growth rate of digitalization in the Russian Federation is much lower than in the United States, Japan and China, an indirect confirmation of this - the Russian Federation accounts for 1,8% of world GDP, while the productivity of supercomputers is only 0,32%, and for the development of digital economy, it is necessary to develop the national IT sector, stimulate the creation and implementation of innovative technologies in all social and economic spheres of activity, both on a national scale and at the level of the regions of the Russian Federation. The main idea of the development strategy focused on the implementation of the digital economy is the advanced formation of the basic industries of the new technological order and the speedy withdrawal of the Russian economy to a new long wave of development of production and productive forces associated with it.

Maxillofacial injury often results in mortality and morbidity related to functional and esthetic compromise. In developing countries, the greatest threat to sustaining these injuries is in road traffic accidents. It is estimated that 1.3 lakh people end up in fatal death each year due to RTA. The aim of the study is to analyse the age and gender distribution of maxillofacial injuries and to find any association between the etiology of injury with age and gender. This retrospective observational study was conducted among patients reporting to the Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery in Saveetha Dental College, Chennai. Exclusion criteria was patients reporting fractures associated/ secondary to other pathologies (local or systemic), patients with debilitating systemic disease, mentally and physically challenged, patients with head or cervical spine injury. The study data were retrieved from DIAS and analysed in IBM SPSS using descriptive statistics. Among 77 samples included in the study, 85.7% were males and 14.3% were females. Maxillofacial injury was more commonly seen in the 3rd decade of life (35.1%). There was no significant association between etiology and gender and etiology and age. Maxillofacial injury is more prevalent in males in their 3^rd decade of life.

Facial vertical growth pattern plays an important role in achieving facial balance as well as response to orthodontic treatment. Variation in growth pattern ,function of soft tissue and jaw musculature has an impact on dentoalveolar tissues thus influencing the pattern of malocclusion.  The present study aims to identify the vertical growth patterns and its association with different malocclusion. A retrospective study was conducted using the case records of patients in a private University hospital between June 2019 to March 2020. The sample size consisted of a total of 225 patients  based on malocclusion (class I -75 , class II - 75, Class III  -75) whose data on age, gender, skeletal growth pattern  were recorded.  Frequency distribution and chi-square tests were applied for statistical analysis in SPSS 20.0. The study results showed that there is a statistically significant association between type of malocclusion and vertical growth pattern (p=0.026) vertical growth pattern was common in  class II malocclusion. Also there was no statistically significant difference between vertical growth pattern and age (p= 0.524), gender (p=0.178).Hence it can be concluded that vertical growth pattern is not associated with age, gender but in subjects with class II malocclusion vertical growth pattern is more common than in other malocclusions.

Oral lichen planus affects one to two percent of the general adult population and is the most common non‐infectious oral mucosal disease. Tobacco smoking increases the risk of OLP malignant transformation as cigarette smoke contains substances that induce chronic inflammation at mucosal surfaces. The aim of this study was to assess the association between smoking and oral lichen planus in males. A retrospective study was conducted using the case records of patients visiting a private dental college in Chennai from June 2019 - March 2020. The study population included case records of male patients with oral lichen planus, selected by non-probability purposive sampling. Data regarding their smoking habit were collected. Descriptive and inferential statistics were done using SPSS software. Among the study population, 43.59% of patients were below 40 years and 56.41% were above 40 years of age. About 53.8% of male patients with oral lichen planus had a smoking habit. Erosive lichen planus was the most common variant followed by the reticular type.Within the limits of the study, there was a significant association between smoking and oral lichen planus in males, with an increased incidence of erosive lichen planus among smokers.

Smile is characterised by upward curving of the corners of the mouth, indicates pleasure and plays an important role in social interactions. The study was done to assess the relation between the shape of lips, type of smile and their effect in the perception of aesthetic between the age group of 18-30 years.The study was designed to be a photographic analysis of smiles of 70 subjects between 18-30 years. The study was done in Saveetha Dental College, Chennai, India during the time frame of March-April 2020. The study analysed the type of smile, the shape of the lips and the smile line and its influence on the smile esthetics. An esthetic score was given to the patient on a score from 1-5, five being excellent and 1 being poor. These results were correlated to understand their influence on each other. Descriptive statistics was used to measure frequency and Pearson’s correlation  was performed to analyse the correlation. Moderately arched lips(53%), medium smile line(66.7%) and both Cuspid and commissural type(40%) of smile showed association with the highest grade of smile esthetics. There is a negligible  correlation between smile line and esthetic score, low positive correlation of type of smile with the perceived esthetics, and negative correlation between shape of smile and esthetics (-0.22). The esthetics of smile depends on the peri oral structures as much as it depends on the teeth and associated structures.Development of an index to incorporate the aspects of lips and face in the quantification of esthetic score would best enable to obtain a wholesome picture and also allows standardised comparisons. Further research is encouraged.

The article examines methods for assessing the level of innovative development of agriculture and its ervice infrastructure sectors. In the process of development, the innovative development of the infrastructure that serves it is scientifically justified. Uzbekistan has developed a conceptual model for the formation and development of innovative infrastructure in the agricultural sector, taking into account the conditions and factors of innovation policy. The effectiveness of innovative infrastructure in agriculture is considered in terms of strategic, economic, and social effectiveness, from the point of view of state and territorial authorities, economic entities in agriculture, and entities receiving innovative infrastructure. The methodology for determining the impact of innovative development of agriculture and its service infrastructure on efficiency has also been improved.

This article emphasizes that the clear formulation of teaching methods is a key factor in improving the quality of teaching. It was noted that the combination of state educational technologies with practical training on the basis of a clear plan will serve to improve the quality of education. Tariffs of foreign and domestic scientists on pedagogical technologies, comparative analysis of research work. The main purpose of the research is to completely get rid of the learning process from a homogeneous system, to process the technology. The main task of the research work is to train future teachers of engineering education using modern teaching methods and experience of their introduction into the educational process, to constantly improve their professional skills and to master effective innovative methods and implement them in practice. Independent work with advanced pedagogical technologies is guaranteed, along with independent work on the effective mastering of teaching materials within the framework of scientific programs. Because no one can achieve an agreed goal without independent action. It is therefore justified to consider independent activity as a means of learning and as a result. The source of students’ knowledge is not only the knowledge imparted in the teacher’s lectures, but also the student’s own perceptions and actions, and the teacher, in turn, should motivate the student to develop research skills, additional search skills. The main task of the article is to develop a new generation of state educational standards, curricula and scientific programs, to determine the qualification requirements, to introduce and develop energy education and to further improve this process. Based on the advanced technology education model, it is planned to develop students' creative skills by organizing new pedagogical games, using visual methods to explain practical topics, creating problem situations, organizing discussions, sharing students' ideas, increasing creative activity, forming independent thinking. The main novelty of the research is the pedagogical technology of teaching processes, organized in two traditional and non-traditional forms, and experimental work. The results of experimental work have shown on the basis of statistical analysis that the effectiveness of students' learning has increased.

The actual problem of creating the most effective system of financing innovation activities at the current stage of cluster policy implementation in Russia is of particular importance and requires close attention. Foreign direct investment contributes to the activation of the investment process in the national economy, which indirectly leads to this process quality and sustainability increase. Besides, under certain conditions, foreign direct investment can contribute to the economy diversification. The competitive pressure created by foreign firms contributes to increased productivity, improved product quality, and the introduction of new management practices. It is worth noting that in times of crisis and political instability, innovation clusters are the main link of communication with foreign investors. Mainly, regional investment strategies based on the cluster approach have a positive impact on investment attraction from large investors. However, investments in individual large enterprises were not as constructive as expected. It is quite logical to assume that the consequences of the current shortage of innovation financing will be uneven. The year 2020 was quite difficult for business not only in Russia, but also around the world. Innovative business was no exception, although the development and implementation of new technologies did not stop, and in some areas even accelerated. The analysis and generalization of the specialized literature on the subject under consideration allows us to come to the conclusion that it is necessary to assess in more detail the problems of Russian cluster policy and the investment attractiveness of innovative clusters.

In the modern era where both parents are employed, there seems to be limited focus on the dietary habits and dental health of their children. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the parental influence and family characteristics on the prevalence of dental caries among children who reported to the department of Orthodontics aged 10-17 years from Chennai. A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was carried out on 250  children aged 10 years to 17 years. The data was retrieved from the subjects records provided by the institution which consisted of information on their dental caries status. Structured questionnaires were given to parents to collect information regarding their socio-environmental and family characteristics. Student's t-test on metric parameters and Chi-square/Fisher for study parameters between two or more groups were used. It was observed that in  families where the average monthly income >10,000/-, decayed, missing, and filled teeth was proportionately lower. The socioeconomic status, which is primarily influenced by parental factors and family structure, have a definite role in dental needs of children from underprivileged backgrounds. Dental health programs should aim to reduce the gross inequalities in the oral health status of these children and their families.

In the following article the introduction of innovational methodology to the process of
education is analyzed based on the reforms conducted in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The
renewals in the sector of education is studied through the reforms in the higher educational
institutions. Content analysis of several sources is performed. Supply chain of highly
professional cadres is presented.

When it comes to pediatric patients, the challenge is greater in terms of compliance of the patient, as patient satisfaction is directly related to quality of care while efficiently managing the fear and anxiety of the child. Sometimes, children require treatment for dental caries to be carried out under general anaesthetic (GA) in a hospital setting. Many parents view DGA (Dental general anaesthesia) as an acceptable and often convenient method of treatment to address their child’s oral health needs. The aim of this study was to evaluate parent’s preference for general or local anesthesia in their children’s dental treatments. This was a retrospective study conducted by evaluating data of 1005 patients who underwent invasive treatments in a private dental college between June 2019 to March 2020. To fulfil the inclusion criteria, patients between the age group of 1-17 years (pediatric patients) should have been provided with dental treatment like pulpectomy, SS crowns or strip crowns or FMR etc. The coding was done in MS excel. The data was transferred to a host computer and processed using SPSS software version 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) by tabulation and graphical illustration. Descriptive statistics was used to study the data collected and to analyse frequency and percentage distribution. Chi square test was used to assess association at 5% significance level (P< 0.05). The results showed that within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that strong association is seen between age and preference for full mouth rehabilitation under GA. There is however no significant association between gender and preference for full mouth rehabilitation under GA. Of those who underwent FMR under GA, 80% were male and 51% belonged to the 5 years and above age group showing a new trend where  patients above 5 years are increasingly opting for treatment under GA.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. Poorly controlled DM has been associated with increased susceptibility to oral infections including periodontal diseases. It is well documented that one of the main causes of diabetes mellitus is that it leads to periodontal destruction which eventually leads to furcation exposure. This leads to poor prognosis of the affected tooth. Thus the aim of this study is to determine the most common furcation site involved in patients with diabetes. Completed case sheets were collected from June 2019 to April 2020. Data was retrieved and evaluated by 2 reviewers. This university setting study involved 700 sample sizes. Data is tabulated the parameters which are age groups, gender, RBS value and furcation grade. Ranges of RBS values are from 150mg/dl to >551mg/dl. A total of 700 patients case sheets were evaluated and their periodontal status was evaluated. 500 molars were affected (3rd molars exempted). It was found that among all the age groups the most number of participants were seen in 41-60 years (66%). Majority of the affected molars has a grade II furcation involvement (45%). 35.40% had grade I furcation involvement followed by 15.60% of affected teeth with grade III furcation involvement and finally 4% had grade IV furcation involvement. Amongst the teeth with grade I and grade III it was found that 16 was the mostly affected. For grade II furcation involvement it was seen that 46 was mostly affected. Association between grade I, II and III furcation and age groups was statistically insignificant. Finally, 37 was the most affected among the teeth with grade IV furcation involvement. Association between grade IV furcation and age groups was statistically significant (p value=0.006) Thus we can conclude that diabetes mellitus is associated with periodontal disease and in this study it is evident that it involves the furcation area of molars. Diabetic patients are more prone to severe periodontitis with multiple furcation involvement. 

The aim of the article is to evaluate the effect of trypsin and chymotrypsin (proteolytic enzyme ) on pain and swelling after the surgical removal of mandibular third molar. A prospective randomised clinical study was conducted among 30 patients requiring the surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars. All the impacted molars were surgically removed and the patients were administered trypsin and chymotrypsin orally along with amoxicillin. The postoperative pain was assessed on 3rd and 7th consecutive days after extraction. 30 patients requiring the extraction of mandibular third molars were taken in this study.16 patients are male and 14 patients are females. There was the reduction in pain post operatively. The comparison was taken between 3rd and 7th postoperative days. Chymoral Forte can be used as a successful oral enzyme therapy for oral surgery patients, especially after the removal of impacted third molars.

Abnormal oral habit could alter a normal growth of oro-facial structure and alo related to malocclusion which is caused by various reasons such as unusual repetitive behaviours in oral cavity To evaluate the prevalence of malocclusion and its association with deleterious oral habits in adults from 18-25 years old. The present cross-sectional study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of malocclusion and its association with deleterious oral habits in adults, from 18-25years old in south Indian population. Case sheets of 158 patients were evaluated for adverse oral habits and malocclusion. The collected information from the case sheet of the patients was entered in Microsoft Excel 2012.Descriptive statistics were expressed by means of frequency and percentage and Chi-square test was used to find the association between Independent variables (Age and Gender) and Deleterious Oral Habits. Level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Total sample size n=158,out of which patients with biting habits-52.91%,Tongue thrusting-25.58%,Mouth breathing-15.82%,Lip biting-8.86%,Thumb sucking-6.33%,biting and lip biting-3.80%,Tongue thrusting and lip biting-3.80%,Thumb sucking biting, Thumb sucking and  mouth breathing-0.63%. In conclusion, the majority of the study population had a biting habit and Angle’s class I malocclusion and also found  that there was no relationship between Malocclusion and deleterious oral habits among the study subjects enrolled in the present study. 

Gingivitis is the most common form of periodontal disease which is considered to be the second most common oral disease affecting more than 75% of the population worldwide. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of gingivitis among 19-22 years old South-Indian population visiting Saveetha dental college , Chennai. This study included the data of 165 patients who visited Saveetha Dental college in the period of June 2019 - March 2020. The required data was collected from the patient records and their Gingival index score was taken into account. Data was entered in Microsoft excel spreadsheet and analysed using IBM SPSS software version 20.O(Armonk, NY: IBM. Corp).Numerical data were presented as mean and standard deviation values. For the test, a p value of <0.05 is to be considered statistically significant.Shapiro Wilks test used to test the normality of the data set.Gingival index scores were continuous variables. Hence, it was presented as mean and standard deviation values. Independent T test was used to find the difference between the different age groups and gender with respect to the mean Gingival index score. Of the 165 people, 109 were male and 56 were female patients of the age group 19-22 years. Gingivitis is found to be more severe in 21-22 year old patients than patients who are 19-20 years old. Also, Gingivitis is highly prevalent in the male population with the mean gingival index score of 1.29 than females.

The prevalence of malocclusion varies greatly among different race, ethnicity and geographic locations. Knowledge about the prevalence of malocclusion among the population helps in the early diagnosis and to provide a customized treatment plan for that population. The main aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of  class III malocclusion in permanent dentition.  The data were collected by analyzing the records of 86000 patients between June 2019-March 2020. The study includes 37756 patients above the age of 12 years in their permanent dentition who reported to the University in Chennai. The results were analysed and graphs were tabulated using SPSS software. Out of the total patients assessed, 365 patients (0.96%) had class III malocclusion among which 242  were males and 123 were females. It was further found that among the 365 patients, prevalence of class III malocclusion was 75.34% and class III subdivision was 24.66%. Chi square test done between type of malocclusion and gender was found to be insignificant with P value of 0.933. Within the limitations of the study, it was found that prevalence of class III malocclusion was less in our population with no significant difference in distribution among males and females.

Tooth whitening has become one of the most frequently requested dental procedures by the public and the public has come to demand more whiter teeth, and a perfect smile. These include home-based products such as toothpastes, gels, and in-office based highly concentrated bleaching agents are applied under professional supervision. The profession and public have been aware of certain risks related to tooth whitening such as increased tooth sensitivity and gingival irritation. New research has shown that there are other risks such as tooth surface roughening, increased potential for demineralization, degradation of dental restorations, and unacceptable color change of dental restorations. The research is also focused on optimizing whitening procedures to reduce tooth sensitivity and to increase the persistence of the whitening. The aim of the study is to find the association between age and gender of patients undergoing tooth whitening. A total of 89000 cases were reviewed between June 2019 to March 2020 for teeth whitening procedure. A sample size of 30 case sheets were reviewed and data was analysed using SPSS software. The results were represented in the form of graphs. Chi Square was done to find the association between age and gender of patients who had undergone tooth whitening procedure and association was found to be statistically not significant (p>0.05). However there the association between the age and gender of the patient and type of bleaching procedure was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). There are various treatment modalities available for tooth whitening. Dentists should educate patients about the benefits and risks of different whitening methods based on the current research and to suggest the best treatment option based on a correct diagnosis.

Malocclusion is an irregularity or malalignment of teeth. Malocclusion can be either skeletal or dental. Several reasons exist that can result in the malocclusion, of which the most common is the tooth size arch length discrepancy. When the arch development is within the expected size or the size of the tooth is abnormally large, it can result in the crowding. Several other reasons have also been attributed with lower arch crowding. This study was done to assess the prevalence and gender distribution in patients with lower arch crowding. This study was carried out in an institutional setting. Data were collected regarding the lower arch crowding in the population and tabulated in the excel and transferred to statistical software SPSS. Descriptive statistics and chi square tests were done. Out of the total population (41545) , 5602 of them had lower arch crowding either alone or in combination with other malocclusion. Among those with lower arch crowding, 3067 of the males had only crowding and 293 had crowding in association with other malocclusion, whereas 1951 of the females had only lower arch crowding and 291 of them had crowding in association with other malocclusions. From the present study, we can conclude that the prevalence of crowding is relatively high(13.48%) compared to any other malocclusion. Higher male predilection in the study sample and more number of cases with crowding as the only malocclusion was also noted. Gender and age association showed a significant association with more numbers of males especially in the age group of 19-35 years in the study population had crowding.

This article discusses methods for achieving high efficiency in foreign language teaching. And also article provides solid advice for learning foreign languages. The methodology of teaching by age category is also analyzed, an individual approach is recommended, the psychological preparedness of the teacher, the need for verbal and visual aids when teaching a foreign language. Mastering a foreign language is a certain stage in the formation of a personality from a pedagogical point of view. The article also examines national traditions, views of the educators of the East and West on the problems of learning foreign languages.

In the following article the pragmatical essence of the opportunities and the conditions created for the reforms implemented in the Republic of Uzbekistan which is undergoing rapid changes, the development of small enterprises and businesses, reforms in the sphere of education, discoveries in the scientific and technical spheres are analyzed based on the recent available data.

The article discusses “The small business role in socio-economic development in the digital economy development”, identifies our country role in the international rating index, and provides a detailed definition of the current smart management and digital economy. It also shows the importance of digital technologies in the transition to an innovative economy and the gradual evolutionary development stages, the digital economy characteristics and its introduction directions. In our country transition to a new level, reasonable proposals and recommendations have been made on the issues of achieving socio-economic development through the small business management improvement.

Aravind Eye hospital (AEH) is one of the self-funding healthcare delivery models where it creates value for its entire customer base, but captures the value only from a part of it by offering free-of-cost or at cost, high-quality service. It serves nearly 6,000 outpatients in the hospital every day like registration, vision test, preliminary exam, refraction, final exam, counseling and recommendation for surgery with the assistance of MLOP’s (Mid-level ophthalmic personnel) while contributing their services. The MLOP’s are played as the backbone (60% of the workforce) for supporting the physicians when providing the treatment. This study focuses on how the training and development programs are handled for MLOPs in AEH by considering various factors like Induction training, Self- transformation, Career growth, personal development, and organizational strategy in their training programs and how it effectively creates a positive impact in their development within the organization.

Traumatic injuries to permanent teeth in Pediatric patients must occur in the maxillary anterior tooth region and is one of the most common causes of visit to the dentist in emergency situations. Visiting the dentist following any trauma to the permanent teeth is of at most importance and their early management will help in managing any serious problems that may occur if left untreated. The retrospective study was conducted among patients who visited an institution in Chennai. The patients records were reviewed and the data of patients who visited between June 2019 to March 2020 were analysed. 2030 Pediatric patients who visited the dentist following traumatic injury to permanent teeth were included in the study. Retrospective analysis was done based on the collected data. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS Software, data was analysed by descriptive and inferential statistics. 41.7% of patients reported with a chief complaint of fractured teeth. Males were most affected by traumatic injury (70.6%). The 12-17 years age group was most affected in the maxillary anterior region (55.90%). From this study we were able to conclude that fractured teeth was the most common chief complaint among patients reporting with traumatic injury and they complained of aesthetics being the most common concern. 12-17 years was the common age group affected by traumatic injury and the most component region to be affected was the maxillary anterior region. Males were most commonly associated with traumatic injuries then when compared to females. Patients with fractured teeth were the most common chief complaint and they visited the dentist within 1 year of the injury. It was seen that patients with ellis class 3 fracture was the most common traumatic injury and they visited the dentist within 1 year of the injury.

The main reason of this study is to determine the relationship between the Consumer and choosing Hospital in the Indian Healthcare Industry and to know about Factors Influencing Consumers in Choosing Hospital. This paper studies factors influencing consumer’s perception towards Choosing Hospital. The study is made on a descriptive basis and the primary data is collected from Patients. The data is collected on probability basis from 108 respondents and is analyzed with the SPSS tool .The collected data were classified, tabulated and analyzed with statistical tools Frequency analysis, Mean analysis. Results express the majority of  respondents were female and of age majority were Less than 25. The need of the study is to Access the factors that influence behaviour of the consumers towards choosing the hospital, to access the facilities from medical centres to access  needed consumers in specific medical service, it is used to identify patient reference in choosing the hospital and to analyse the factors that are considered by consumers while choosing hospital. The objective is to find out factors influencing consumers in choosing hospital, to calculate factorization of factors influencing consumers in choosing hospital and to find out difference between demographic variables and factors influencing consumers in choosing hospital. It is found that choosing a hospital is influenced by Hospital preference, Timing preference and treatment preference and there is no significant difference between Hospital preference, Timing preference and treatment preference. Innovations implemented in hospitals also play a major role in hospital choice.

Ethics is characterized as the moral standards that regulate the actions of a person or individual. Healthcare professionals are people who provide health care services and treatment based on their knowledge and experience. Medical ethics is the relevant subject of ethics that analyzes scientific medicinal drugs and associated medical research. Medical ethics is primarily based on the set of values that an expert can talk to in case of misunderstanding or conflict. Ethical Norms followed by Healthcare professionals is influenced by various factors such as Behaviour, Knowledge and Working environment. This study focuses on the various ethical factors influencing health care professionals. This study is conducted to find out the ethical norms followed by the healthcare professionals and to find out the determinants of ethical norms followed by Healthcare Professionals. The conclusion of the study shows that among the factors behaviour, knowledge and working environment behaviour factor have a positive linear relationship and innovation towards Ethical norms.

Biomedical waste management The effect of hospital waste on health and the environment is important. It can be seen from this research that there is an immediate need to raise alertness, education on medicinal waste issues.To assure health and environmental protection, a proper waste management strategy is required. More information on effects, disposal to specific conclusions is needed to be collected. For developing countries, find options and suitable technology. Need thorough analysis of waste and aspects. Partly because agriculture has become less and less productive. By 2030, 65 percent of the world's population is projected to be living in cities. Due to low and lack of awareness, the infrastructure needed for this lop-sided growth of the cities is due to waste collection in the unplanned extensions in larger cities. The air quality in the city's surroundings is so bad that is estimated that about two million children under the age of five die each year from respiratory infections..It is a mystery how the wealthy are callous to the climate, such as doctors and higher officials working in such public places and part of their day time in these places. In fact, hospitals produce a large amount of hazardous waste. In establishing countries such as India,the amount of non liquid waste produced by hospitals has increased rapidly and innovations are implemented.

The research paper titled the relationship between Job Satisfaction and Job Performance. This paper studies factor influencing Job Satisfaction toward Job Performance. Descriptive research is applied using convenience method of sampling with 71 respondents. The data is collected from the Rice Mill workers. The majority of respondents were Male and their majority of Age group were36-25 years. The tools used of the study is mean analysis, frequency analysis, t-test, ANOVA and  Regression. Through analysis it is found that there is no significant difference between the Job Satisfaction and Job Performance because of the improper working of machineries and lack of technologies in Rice mill Sector.

This article is all about Supply Chain Management in “Advance Tech Energy Edibles India Ltd.” is the research work that deals with different processes and techniques adopted by various FMCG retail Organizations, specifically and to find gaps that needed to be filled for improvement in FMCG retail. Supply chain management for retail companies strives to control product quality, inventory levels, timing and expenses. A clear supply chain strategy with differentiated service offerings and delivery terms is essential to optimizing the balance of cost and required customer service. An integrated approach considering supply, production, transportation, operations and service is crucial to design the most competitive retail logistics concept for the company. We collected primary data and secondary data about oil manufacturing and how they make logistics on it. To study the influence of demographic variables on customer perspective. To know the relationship between profession and delivery. The article was basically based on the customer's view on the logistics system in the edible oil industry but it consisted of so many things which I learnt, like how to manage people, how to get maximum output from the people and how to make a balance in sales. If a company’s product is good then it does not have to worry about things and competitors.

In this research study we are getting to see about mutual funds in India. There are many investments in India like equity share, mutual fund, fixed deposit, public provident fund, land, gold, etc. open-end fund may be a pool of cash for several investors in India. Mutual funds are one among the important investments that a lot of investors get good offers to take a position in. The securities purchased by the investors are referred because of the fund’s portfolio. Mutual funds give opportunities to small investors to require part within the capital market with none high risk. This study was conducted to research and compare the performance of various sorts of mutual funds in India and concluded that equity funds outperform income funds. This study further concludes that equity fund managers possess significant market timing ability and institutions funds managers are ready to time their investments, but brokers operated funds didn't show market timing ability. Further, it's been found empirically that fund managers are ready to time their investments with the conditions within the market, and possess significant timing ability.

The main aim of this study is to determine the various retention strategies adopted in an IT industry and also to know its impact on employee’s satisfaction towards these retention strategies undertaken by them. Here the study involves a descriptive research method as research design and samples for the finding purpose were collected from 180 respondents along with the help of primary data. The research finding was analysed using tools like Frequency analysis, Mean analysis, Independent T-test, One way ANOVA analysis and Regression analysis. Regression analysis is used to identify the employee satisfaction rewards retention strategies in an IT industry. It is evident from the result that the majority of  respondent employees are highly satisfied towards the growth and recognition strategies undertaken by IT companies.

Presently the financial service sector in banking industry is undergoing various innovation.The paper titled is to determine the impact of E-banking on Customer Satisfaction. The objective of this study is to determine the E-banking factors on Customer Satisfaction. Descriptive research design is used in this study.The data is collected on probability basis from 117 respondents and is analyzed with the SPSS tool. The collected data were classified, tabulated and analyzed with statistical tools Frequency analysis, Mean analysis, Independent sample Test,One way Anova and Regression analysis. The result showed that majority of the respondents were female and of age is between 18-25 years who uses E- Banking. Findings of regression analysis is the factors of E-banking is influencing the Customer satisfaction.There is no significant difference between Gender,Marital status and Type of account with respect to perception of E-Banking and Customer satisfaction and there is no significant difference among Age level,Education,Place of Residence,Occupation,Reason with respect to use, Transaction and Encourage to use E-banking with respect to perception of E-banking and Customer satisfaction.

In the automobile industry after sale service plays an important role whether it is before
buying a product or after buying a product.The main reason of this study is to determine the impact
of Customer Satisfaction on after sales services in the context of Automobiles in Chennai and to
know about the factors which influences customer satisfaction. The data is collected on probability
basis from 71 respondents and is analysed with the SPSS tool. The collected data were classified,
tabulated and analysed with statistical tools Frequency analysis, Mean analysis, Independent t Test,
One-way Anova and Regression analysis. The results showed that the majority of the respondents
were male and of age between 21-30 years who use a car or bike. It is found that Speed of Service
and Cost of Service of after sales service is significant on the Customers

Work stress plays a major key role in determining the level of job satisfaction of sales employees in the automobile sector. Sales force is the driving force which generates revenue for the top line growth of the company. The objective of the study is to determine the factors of job stress that causes in the sales employee job’s performance. The research had taken samples of 100 sales employees of the automobile sector and primary data is also used. The various tools used for the study are frequency analysis, mean analysis, T-test, ANOVA and regression analysis. This study states that by conducting the stress management programs periodically for the employees it does help to reduce their personal as well as their Professional stress. Organisation support is one of the major factors which influence one’s organisation outcome. Based on the findings it is clear that enriching welfare measures, maintaining reasonable working hours, and healthy working environment would definitely reduce the stress level of each individual and organisational stress among the sales employees and will also contribute efficiency to the organisation.​

In a shrimp exporting the SIMP (Seafood import monitoring program), Turtle excluding device, Antidumping, Price fluctuations are the most trade barrier in global market. This paper examines the perspective of trade barriers in exporting shrimp to the other country. This study revealed major trade barrier information on exporting shrimp to US and EU.

Banking sector growth is infinite due to various innovation services.The main reason for this study is to determine the Effect of Credit Cards on Customer Satisfaction in Chennaiand to know about the factors which influence customer satisfaction. The data is collected on probability basis from 107 respondents by using Convenience sampling and is analyzed with the SPSS tool .The collected data were classified, tabulated and analyzed with statistical tools Frequency analysis, Mean analysis, Independent t test one way anova and Regression analysis. The results showed that the majority of the respondents were male and aged 18- 25 years who use credit cards. The result shows that the customers are agreeing towards credit cards and the factors of credit card influencing the customer satisfaction.

Representatives are the main resources of an association. Additionally, in the present exceptionally serious world representatives are the elements which decide achievement or disappointment of an association. They are the ones who cooperate with the client on an everyday premise and complete the entire activity. As such the associations need to focus on the happiness of the representatives. What's more, as quality HR gets an ever increasing number of meager, the organizations need to pay more notice as per the general inclination of workers. Likewise, notwithstanding the fulfillment of the representative, the business has a task to carry out in the inspiration of the worker. In the event that the worker is propelled towards the work, at that point it is probably going to yield more outcomes.

Artificial Intelligence is used in all the sectors, among which chatbot is a new trend. Chatbots are used in many sectors, where HR chatbot have taken over the HR industry This research paper titled HR Recruitment through chatbot helps to know about how chatbot is useful in recruitment for HR managers and to know whether these chatbots will replace hiring managers in the upcoming years or not. A descriptive research is used in the study for a sample size of 113. The tools used in the study are mean analysis, frequency analysis, Independent sample T test and ANOVA. It is found that factors influencing the study are need for chatbot, technical issue, evaluation and installation. From the study it’s been inferred that chatbot can help the HR manager in saving their time by selecting the qualified and helping the HR manager by bringing the recruitment to further process but it can’t replace a HR manager.

Many people will be experiencing the fear of going to hospitals. These fears have been raised due to many factors. Including the sufferer in medical care security sharpens has prolonged to an extent of require and significance. But amid pandemics, numerous individuals are not going to the healing centre due to the fear of spreading disease. Five phases of fear were identified: at household after conclusion, in the midst of course of action for incision at the clinic, the day of enucleation, the post-clinical surgery visits, and the period after the follow visits at residential. Fear of clinics can be caused due to a traumatic event that has struck the person gravely. In most cases, pros endeavour to recognize the traumatic circumstance to cure the calm. In a few cases, clinical dread may be caused due to Trypanophobia which means the Fear of needles or undoubtedly the panic due to seeing blood. Some people as well make this condition due to the fear of taking medicine. There are a couple of other causes of clinic fear that can be annihilating and this seems to turn out to be life threatening in case cleared out untreated. The usage of Anaesthesia will also influence the fear of patients during hospital visits. A survey has been collected from the patients and people and has analysed the most influencing factor which causes patient fear. The innovations implemented in the health care sector can reduce the patient's fear to a greater extent.

This study is especially executed to coordinate, spread and accelerate improvements in patient safety within the hospitals. Patient safety discipline is the coordination of actions to avoid harm to patients caused by the healthcare tactic itself. Hospitals were founded to permit care to people who need it and to remain patients safe in their moral duty. The best goal of this text is to reduce the prospect of associated infections. Improve the protection of using the medications. Kinds of safety measures found through this study are environmental safety, medical safety, hygiene, bio medical waste management, sanitation infection control. Because of unsafe medical procedures, numerous patients pandemic suffer annually from disorder, accidents and death. This contributed to the greater understanding of the value of the wellbeing of patients. Patient protection in medical assistance has not been studied to the same extent as there has been more research on new therapies in hospital settings. Attaining a culture of safety requires cherishing the values, attitudes, beliefs and standards that are important to health care organizations and what attitudes and behaviors are relevant and expected for patient safety. Innovation in hospitals is essential to improve the safety practices. 

The Chinese-born Noval Corona infection disease (COVID-19) It has crossed borders exponentially, infecting individuals around the world.Health care staff face an unparalleled level of emotional pressure associated with COVID19 across technical and personal realms. The goal of this study was to find the impact of mental health on hospital personnel particularly in Andaman and Nicobar Islands government and private medical care frameworks. The examination consisted of 61 participants. Survey questionnaire was provided digitally and manually in person to the respondent. The pervasiveness of stress (37.2%), worry about relatives (41.0%) and isolation (36.1%) were accounted for in the study as an outcome. Protective measures while taking care of patients, checking manifestations, awareness programs, and strategic planning at hospitals should be done. Innovation should be implemented in the healthcare setting to improve the mental health of hospital personnel during pandemic.

In India, the elder population is one of the fastest growing populations among the world. India has about 110 million of ageing citizens which ranks to the second largest global population and therefore by 2050, it is expected to raise up to 240 million. These elderly people are easily prone to get affected by some mental health problems, in which depression along with anxiety affects their total health and reduces their quality of life. This study identifies some of the factors that contribute to anxiety and depression in elderly people are Loss of pleasure, dependency, self-confidence, isolation, medical conditions, financial status, memory problems, sufferer, identity and physical limitations, death fear, loneliness and being treated badly. Among those factors, loss and sleeping disturbances greatly contribute to the reasons that cause anxiety and depression in elderly people. Future studies to be conducted for the preventive measures for anxiety and depression among elderly people.  Some innovation in preventive measures should be implemented to reduce depression and anxiety among elderly people.

This study is all about effective online grocery delivery. Delivery changed into a hassle which affected the ease of online purchasing. However to conquer this many outlets which includes on line outlets in Taiwan introduced in a shop choose up service. This now supposed that clients may want to buy items online and choose them up at a close-by comfort shop, making online purchasing greater fine to clients. In the occasion of a hassle with the object (e.g., the product changed into now no longer what the patron ordered or the product changed into now no longer satisfactory), purchasers are worried with the convenience of returning an object in trade for the suitable product or a refund. Consumers may also want to touch the retailer, go to the publishing workplace and pay to go back shipping, after which await a substitute or refund. Some on line corporations have greater beneficent go back regulations to atone for the conventional benefit of bodily shops. This study takes four companies, for example Flipkart, My Kirana, Big Basket and Grocery Bazaar. This shows how they are doing the online grocery business effectively.

The motivation of employees should be seen as a force that influences the leaders to attain specific goals and objectives of the organisation. Fundamental reason for this study is to find out what sort of elements impact employee Motivation. The samples are collected from 75 employees working in the retail industry (household appliances) through a self-managed survey. Regression analysis is used to identify the influence of employee motivation on employee performance, using four variables: employee inspiration, employee execution, helping variables, and adequacy. The consequences of this review indicate that there is a necessary and encouraging relation between the motivation of employees and the performance of employees. In addition, it is reasoned that intrinsic rewards have a large amount of huge positive relationships with representative execution and worker inspiration.

Recruitment is an essential task of every company and applicant screening is one of the main step in the process of recruitment. Whether or not the applicant qualifies is determined by the screening process. In this phase, candidates resume playing a vital role. The main objective of the study is to determine the effectiveness of the screening process in recruitment consultancy firms and to include recommendations for the enhancement of the business and prospective jobseekers to make them eligible for selection. To get the data from the respondents, a structured questionnaire was developed. The questionnaire was circulated to workers working at different consulting firms.

The present study focuses on the purchasing behaviour of women towards cars. The study examines the factors which influence women buyers while purchasing a car. Women are prone to various factors while purchasing any automobile, such as driving comfort, performance, after sales service, opinion from their friends, parents, partner, and colleagues. The survey has been conducted in analyzing women consumers preferences on purchasing a car. Data collected among 100 women respondents from different fields. This study attempts to understand the buying decision process of women individually or in group. The main aim of the study examines the preferences of women while purchasing a car. This survey will be helpful for the automobile industry and others who like to study the purchasing behaviour of women consumers.

Stress can exist when working at a fast place, doing difficult problems, or listening to someone shout at you. It can be brought about through conflicts, making decisions, or otherwise straining abilities, or it can exist because of numerous social demands on time. We have noted that emotional states tend not to be long lasting, whether they are unpleasant emotions like fear, or pleasant ones, such as joy. Yet on occasion such states may persist for long periods of time, or they may reach excessively high levels. When this happens, the result typically is labeled "stress", and its manifestation in psychological as well as physiological terms. The sample was selected by using a simple random sampling technique. The present study reveals that the higher secondary students are having moderate level of academic stress and irrespective of sub samples of the higher secondary students are having moderate level of academic stress. The male student's academic stress is higher than female students. The urban student's academic stress is higher than rural student. The students whose parent's education as literacy level academic stress is higher than their counterpart.

In this paper, I study about employee job satisfaction where employees need organisational and personal satisfaction. Employee job satisfaction is the key to success for any company. Job satisfaction is the key indicator of their attitude towards their work, superior and environment.  This study is to find about the level of satisfaction in the consultancy industry through implementation of a job satisfaction survey. Due to the stressful work environment prevailing  in the companies, the physical health and mental well-being of the employees are at stake.  Satisfaction is important because it improves the firm’s ability to predict needs and employee  dissatisfaction. The sample size is 30. Using a unique combination of firm-level data and  information from job satisfaction surveys, the empirical analysis reveals that the employee  needs job security at the most. 

The latest trend in marketing is advertising and purchasing through social media. Currently the majority use social media and are greatly attracted towards the new brands which are advertised in social media. Consumers are highly influenced by online advertisements that come in various social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Pinterest, YouTube, etc. social media easily take the attention and impel the consumers to go beyond the window shopping which is purchasing. Social media has become an effective marketing tool to create brand awareness. The consumer’s choices have narrowed down and in need of an influence to convince the consumer choices. Attractive and informative or well drafted content can glue the consumers towards specific brands or services. Surveys have been taken to find specific impacts on the consumers purchasing behaviour through social media advertisements. The main aim of this paper is to study the impact of social media advertising on consumer purchasing behaviour.

India became the fourth largest auto market in 2019 displacing Germany with about 3.99 million units sold in the passenger and commercial vehicles categories. As the industry grows employment and pressure on employees too grows. This article investigates the influence of overtime on employee’s job satisfaction. It establishes the importance of impact of job overtime on employees, increases work load and creates work family conflicts on them. This study is carried out to analyze the factors influencing job satisfaction, to study the factors that leads to work family conflict and to study the effect of work family conflict on job satisfaction

The main purpose of the study is to work out the factors affecting IT employees' job satisfaction and to seek out the extent of job satisfaction. The study is completed on a descriptive basis, and IT employees collect the first data. The info is collected from 110 respondents on the idea of probability and is analysed with the SPSS tool. Statistical methods Frequency analysis, mean analysis and multivariate analysis were wont to define, tabulate and interpret the info collected. The result revealed that the bulk of respondents were female which the group of but 30 workers is permanent. Interpersonal friendship, personal growth and career advancement features a positive influence on the worker Job satisfaction among the "Pay and benefits" factor."

The research aim is to assess the Investigation on Portfolio Decision making of Individual Investors. This study helps the investors to make an investment in various kinds of avenues like Mutual funds, Shares, Gold, Saving account, Real estate, Fixed deposit, etc. The Primary purpose of any investor is to limit hazard and maximize return. A sample of 152 employees from various organizations and students by providing the google forms and collecting the real time data and it is used for this analysis. This study helps us to find out to know about the individual preferences on investment, to maximize return on investment, to know the knowledge of investment and to know about the factors considering investment decisions.

The increase in recruitment activities using the Internet, especially during the pandemic, result in financial savings of up to 90% of the costs incurred in traditional recruitment.The objective of the study is to understand the perception of job seekers regarding the usefulness of E-recruitment. Descriptive research is used in the study and sampling method used is convenience sampling. The sample size of the study is 100 and data is collected through a structured questionnaire. The results prove that factors under perception of E-recruitment are information, effectiveness and efficiency, usage of site, social media, job availability, decision making, internet information and service. It states that there is no significant difference between the demographic variables and perception of E-recruitment in job seekers

remote working and employee’s satisfaction, performance is  recently being discussed often as the world is in a pandemic situation, Need for doing research has become inevitable in this field as many employees are working from home with limited resources. many significant factors are chosen for this study. The objective of this study is to know the impact of remote working in the IT industry, to find out the positive and negative consequences faced by employees while remote working, to study the influence of demographic variables on the perception of employees regarding remote working, and to give suggestions to overcome negative consequences. The questionnaire was circulated to remote workers in the IT industry. A total number of 61 respondents were contacted and were given the opportunity to participate in the survey through a convenience sampling method. The results of this research were found to be that communication is the most influencing factor of creating job satisfaction among remote employees in the IT industry and remote working is becoming the upcoming trend.

This study is conducted to analyze mental wellbeing of employees’ and its organizational outcome during COVID-19. Due to this global pandemic, the Nation’s economy has declined and hence many organizations decided to cut down the cost by lowering the salary package and to terminate few employees. Organization shifted to remote working  but this caused a negative impact on employees’ mental health. Employees are stressed due to workload, lack of communication, work life balance, insecurity of job, anxiety and other reasons during COVID-19. The dependent factor called organizational outcome is influenced by the factors namely employee wellbeing, virtual communication, organizational support and social media. The researcher circulated questionnaires among Information technology (IT) industry employees. The sample size of the study is 90. Various analytical tools such as frequency analysis, mean analysis, T- Test, ANOVA and Regression for comparing the dependent and independent factor have been analyzed using SPSS software in order to analyze the primary data. From the results, It is inferred that the organisation's support is the most influencing factor. Providing mental wellbeing training and programs, implementing new policies which help in bringing positive impact on employees and their performance which results in effective organization outcome.

As far as the Indian subcontinent, shipping plays a vital role within the transport sector of India’s economy. Indian Shipping companies,  Indian marine sector is  at an advantageous position the large coastline of 7,500 km. With a coastline close to 7517 km and twelve major and 187 minor ports India happens to be a possible destination for shipping and trans shipment . This paper comprises of the introduction, the background and challenges faced by the marine industry in logistics, literature review,  theoretical aspects of marine logistics. The data analysis and the research findings are discussed.   The outcome of the research analysis are mentioned the last  it has the details about how to overcome the challenges, methods to solve the issues and improve the marine logistics are  been  enlightened.

Medical services laborers are the individuals whose work it is to ensure and improve the soundness of the networks. Together these wellbeing laborers, in the entirety of their variety, make up the worldwide wellbeing labor force. Medical care laborers to be all individuals occupied with activities whose essential aim is to upgrade wellbeing. Despite the fact that it's conceivable to forestall or decrease medical services specialist openness to these dangers, medical care laborers keep on encountering wounds and ailment in the work environment. Clinics have numerous exact dangers which can surely affect the wellness of workers. These dangers include natural and compound dangers, ergonomic dangers, hazardous medications, ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, move work, stress, and viciousness. They might be taken out or diminished through heaps of innovations in positive control techniques, for example, design end, replacement, designing controls, authoritative controls, and private protecting hardware, so as of inclination. Medical services staff are presented to a wide scope of wellbeing dangers in the workplace, including biological,chemical , physical, ergonomic and psychological Hazards. This paper considers the main word related openings of medical care laborers.

This study tries to examine the role of financial intermediaries in capital market. And also looks over the impact of financial intermediaries on capital market development. Financial intermediaries exist for the profits within the Financial system. Capital market is the place where the savings and the investment have been done between the suppliers and the people who need the capital. The financial intermediaries arise to reduce the information of risk management and the mobilisation of the savings. These intermediaries assist the investors to grow their money by the way of investments. This paper comes to the opinion that financial intermediaries play a major part in the economy and helps the investors easily make investment in the capital market.

Career is an imperative aspect of everyone's life and it has a huge impact on the lifestyle, quality of life, and thereby happiness. Hence, a lot of variables are involved while selecting an organisation. Variables can often differ according to an employee’s personal obligations, life requirements and career path. The objective of this research is to compare the major factors that can influence a potential candidate while selecting an employer. The factors considered for this research are financial benefits, commuter benefits, paid leave benefits and healthcare packages. This study involves quantitative analysis where a questionnaire was distributed to 106 UG/PG graduates. The hypotheses were tested using the Anova analysis method. The results of the research revealed that the health care package is the important factor that can influence the candidate to select an employer. This research can be useful for an organisation to improve their recruitment policy and employee wellness.

Investing in the stock market has its own benefits. Investing in the stock market will primarily help to grow money, by earning more profit from the invested amount. Taking high risk, by investing in risky investment avenues like in the stock market, would eventually help to increase or grow money. As taxes and inflation of a country have a major impact on wealth, investing in equities would protect and slow the negative impact on both. By regular payment of dividends to shareholders, regular investment income would be maintained by the investors which would help to meet their financial goals. Stock market has wide choices of financial instruments for investing like bonds, shares, derivatives, etc., which would benefit an investor to reduce the risk level by diversifying. Irrespective of shares owned by the investors, a portion of ownership is acquired and would benefit in voting rights and advice in strategic decisions made by the company. An analytical study is conducted on shareholder value creation with a sample of 87, through which different types of investors have delivered their perception on value creation. Different statistical tools are applied to identify their perception.

This paper is titled as the customer perception towards Tesla electric cars innovative features. The objective of this particular research was to study the minds and thoughts that the customers had towards electric cars. Electric cars are the future living cars that will be established soon for the customers experiences. The study involves descriptive methodology with the help of primary and secondary data and the survey was taken from 76 respondents, the target audience, the customers for the analyzing purposes. Further the finishing were calculated with the help of statistical tools.

Climate consists of a collection of features that define an organization, differentiate it from other relatively long-term organizations and influence the actions of people in it.. The purpose of this article is to present, by using ability of a model, the determinants of organizational way of life which influence creativity and innovation and to check whether or not a relationship existed between the variables job delight and organizational tradition of personnel within a service organization. The populace is collected from thermal power plant industry, and the data is collected from all levels of management (low, middle, top-level) 200 personnel of which fifty had been excluded from the research because of low levels of literacy.. The relationship between creativity, innovation and way of life is discussed in this context. Against the history of this model, the determinants of organizational culture were identified. The determinants are strategy, structure, support mechanisms, commitment, and job satisfaction, behavior that encourages innovation, organizational climate and open communication. The impact of every determinant on creativity and innovation is discussed. Values, norms and beliefs that play a position in commitment and job satisfaction can both support or inhibit creativity and innovation depending on how they have an effect on character and employees’ performance and behavior. This is additionally defined in this article.

The aim of this research is on perspective of retail investors towards equity investment decisions in this report its deal with how an individual or retail  investor view of perspective towards  equity investment.Each and every person perspective is different that will based on the situation the investor been through, education status, experience of investors towards stock, there financial positions, families, friends, relationships and lot more will be directly influenced the individual or retail investors perspectives towards the equity investment. But the thing is their perspective may be different based on lot situations but the main motivation or intention of any type of investor is the same that is to get maximum return of the investment made on the equity of the shares. And this paper helps to understand how the investors, that is the individual investors or retail investors, determine equity based on the need of investors and also their perspective among equity. Also this research report states with shares, stock market, NSE, BSE, SEBI, India economy influenced by stock markets and lot more this paper. This paper concluded with the very basic methodology of stock , share, equity of the individual or retail investors perspective in India.

The study is to identify the variables such as digitalization, convenience and privacy categories which includes the factors like telecommunication, smart watch, medical devices, social media, health apps, cost reduction, long travels, waiting time, potential adopters, specialist care, data privacy, security, doctor-patient interaction, confidentiality, patient’s doubt clearance and electronic medical record, all together showing to what level it influences people to approach telehealth. Telehealth innovations influence the people with their services where technology has the potential to increase the quality of healthcare and make it available to more people. Telehealth  provides opportunities for health care to become more efficient, better organised and closer to home. The study finds out people's understanding on Telehealth services and measures the relationship among various factors that influence Telehealth practices among people. The conclusion of the study states about various factors that influence people to prefer Telehealth, such as digitalization, convenience factors and privacy factors, where it all has a positive linear relationship towards telehealth approach.

This paper studies the perception towards essentials of corporate governance practices. Descriptive research is applied using a convenience method of sampling with 64 respondents. The data is collected from the private limited employees. The majority of respondents were Female and the majority of the age group were less than 35 years. The tools and techniques utilized for the examination and results are mean investigation, frequency test and ANOVA. It is discovered that there is no huge distinction between the perceptions towards essentials of corporate administration and the demographic profile of the employees.

The purpose of the study is to know about the stress management in HDFC Bank. The study focuses on knowing the stress level in the banking sector particularly in HDFC bank. In recent times the employees in the banking sector are facing stress, depression, sleeping disturbance, etc. This is due to inability of employees to cope up with the updating technology, trends and strategies in the banking sector. The emerging new technologies and over use of computers leads to stress for the employees. Not only the wellbeing also the physical wellbeing is affected due to stress. This is an empirical study with descriptive research methodology. Surveys were taken through questionnaires. Totally sixty responses were collected from the employees of HDFC bank. The questionnaire contains nine questions that measure the employee involvement and stress overcome strategies. The software used in this study is SPSS software. The analytical tools used to measure the demographic variables are frequency analysis and the mainstream that relates the research that is analysed by mean analysis, t-test and one way anova test. This research finally concludes that banking sector employees are undergoing stress due to that they are not willing to leave the job instead they are trying to overcome stress with different strategies.

Workaholism is nothing but working excessive hours beyond workplace or financial requirements, by thinking continually about work, with lack of work enjoyment, which are unrelated to actual workplace demands. This study emphasis on examining the impact of workaholism on work engagement. Convenience sampling method is used to collect the data from 58 police professionals. Multiple linear regression is used to analyse the data. The results prove that the work addiction has negative relationships with work engagement, work life conflict and work perfectionism have positive relationships with work engagement. This study provides suggestions for workaholic people in the police profession.

This research aims to assess the job satisfaction of workers of various IT employees in the Health care sector. It focuses on the relative relevance of factors of job satisfaction and their impact on employee’s actual job satisfaction. A sample of 114 employees from the hospital sector was used for this analysis. The study indicates the organizational development, policies of compensation and benefit, promotion and career development, work task, relationship with supervisor of the hospital are major factors of job satisfaction. The study is useful for evaluating employee satisfaction with their careers, whether or not they like jobs or specific aspects or measurements of work, such as job efficiency and supervision. 

Training and development makes employees more productive. Training and development are becoming big business nowadays and more important for any organization that wants to take advantage of changes, techniques and improvements. The existing workforce is trained to increase their productivity, newly joined employees will also be trained and motivated to contribute their best towards the organization. The employees will be more confident about themselves and passionate about their job. They will adapt to technological changes and innovations more readily. Training and development need assessments, training design and delivery and transfer of training. Growing business environment needs new ideas like updated and strategic training and development to make business grow fast as well , we need to adapt ourselves for the future business environment, making our employees updated will give the best result for the organization. Nowadays many organizations are spending much to train their employees and make them updated. The training program has to be designed perfectly for the employees to achieve long and short term goals of the organization and employees as well. After the training and development program every employee has to be evaluated by their performance and should get their feedback.

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors influencing retirement planning  among young professionals in the private sector .There are certain factors which determine  retirement based on financial literacy, job satisfaction and savings behavior. Financial  plan helps  with funds. Financial  plan should be goal oriented and it should take care of needs in the most crucial period of life. This paper aims to evaluate the relevance of demographic and  psychological factors in making saving and investment decisions with focus on retirement  financial planning. The study is based on primary as well as on the secondary data.  To understand various frameworks and predict the variables, research papers and articles  would be referred. Most of the people preferred bank deposits by  investing for purchasing home and long-term growth but, most of the  investors were not aware of investing their money in mutual funds and shares. This  research would be relevant in getting insight into factors and issues faced by the  individual while making financial plans for retirement. Primary data on demographic  and psychological variables would be collected through structured questionnaires. In  which it helps encourage the young professionals to save and invest for retirement.

Work stress can affect  doctors physical and mental health by reducing their efficiency and having a pessimistic effect on their  quality of life. Stress among doctors is a synergy between the challenging nature of their work and committed personality .Doctors are having a highly demanding nature of work ,both the lack of control and inadequate rewarding systems in the workplace making doctors stressful.  Handling unexpected responsibilities may increase the  Stress .Work stress  can be induced by various factors such as excessive workload and extended work hours to handle critical cases and serious working environments..work stress will  also cause a negative impact on their family life . Many factors can enhance stress , including  low career growth, lack of managerial relationship with staff, poor working environment and prolonged working hours. Innovation should be implemented in order to reduce work stress among doctors.

Gingival enlargement is an increase in the size of the gingiva. It is also known as the gingival hyperplasia or hypertrophy. They can be categorised based on their etiology, pathogenesis, location, size and extent. Inflammatory gingival enlargement is a most common form and clinically present as soft and discolored gingiva. Drug induced gingival enlargement is a well recognised adverse effect of certain systemic medications. Calcium channel blockers, Anticonvulsants and Immunosuppressants are frequently implicated drugs in the etiology of drug induced enlargement. The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence of gingival enlargement and its distribution.
Objective:

To assess the prevalence of inflammatory and drug induced enlargement.
To compare the prevalence of gingival enlargement in different age groups.
To compare the prevalence of gingival enlargement in male and female.
To compare the prevalence of gingival enlargement in response to different types of drugs.

The study was a retrospective, University based study. Case sheets of patients visiting the dental outpatient ward June 2019 to March 2020 were collected. Patients diagnosed with gingival enlargement were sorted and tabulated in Microsoft excel sheet and analysed using SPSS software. In the present study, out of 40,000 patients, the prevalence of inflammatory enlargement was found to be 0.1% and the drug induced enlargement was 0.03%. Drug induced enlargement was more prevalent in males than in females, whereas inflammatory enlargement was more prevalent in females than males, there was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence rate between age groups (p= 0.362) and gender (p= 0.210). On comparing the drugs, phenytoin was consumed by  one third of the population (43%) but had a higher prevalence rate of 65% than antihypertensive drugs (28% )and immunosuppressants (7% ).

Online shopping is a form of electronic commerce which allows consumers to directly buy goods or services from a seller over the Internet using a web browser. Consumers find a product of interest by visiting the website of the retailer directly or by searching among alternative vendors using a shopping search engine, which displays the same product's availability and pricing at different e-retailers. As of 2020, customers can shop online using a range of different computers and devices, including desktop computers, laptops, tablet computers and smartphones. An online shop evokes the physical analogy of buying products or services at a regular "bricks-and-mortar" retailer or shopping center; the process is called business-to-consumer (B2C) online shopping. When an online store is set up to enable businesses to buy from another businesses, the process is called business-to-business (B2B) online shopping. This Study explains how the customer gets satisfied with the quality of online shopping websites. we collected various response from 201 respondents based on the satisfaction with website quality of ecommerce websites.

The main purpose to conduct this study is to know how to implement time management and cost reduction while doing a project. Also to understand the perception of employees in the IT industry about cost reduction and time management practises. This is an empirical study. Descriptive research methodology is used in the study as the research design and  sampling method used is convenience sampling. The size of the sample collected in this study is 77 and primary data is used. The responses are collected from IT employees. The software supported to interpret and analyse the data is IBM SPSS software which is widely used for finding many quantitative solutions. The tools used for the study are frequency analysis, mean analysis and ANOVA to analyse the data. The results of this research were found to be cost management helps to eliminate unnecessary cost elements.

The NITI Aayog was implemented to carry new plans. Its first order is to go about as a research organization. It is well known as a bridge through which new and imaginative thoughts occur from a single imaginable source - industry, the scholarly world, common society, or unfamiliar authorities and stream into the administration framework for usage. It has customary meetings to generate new ideas with partners from different ventures and areas. We distinguish the prescribed procedures in various states in different areas and afterward attempt to imitate them in different states.          The information is then utilized at the most noteworthy policymaking levels to set up responsibility and improve execution. This exhibition and result based ongoing observing and assessment of government work can significantly affect improving the proficiency of administration. There's a need to legitimize direct charges for both corporate expense and individual annual duty, facilitating the assessment consistency trouble which alongside demonetization and GST will support India's expense to GDP proportion. Utilizing such information, additionally concoct execution-based rankings of States across different verticals to cultivate a feeling of serious federalism. Move Hack expected to achieve creative, dynamic, and adaptable answers for issues about portability. This study tries to examine whether the function of NITI Aayog is more reliable and find the perception of literate people on the functions of NITI Aayog in Chennai city.

Employee grievances are considered to be one of the most crucial factors in the workplace. Any workplace which is flooded with grievances have a direct impact on productivity of employees, which ultimately leads to an adverse impact on overall productivity of organisation. This study is to find out the impact of employee grievances on the job productivity and the sample size is  44 which includes the responses of the employees from the following sectors : Information technology, Aviation, Education, Healthcare. Grievances are mostly connected with Compensation, motivating forces, Work pressure and security and if not well taken care of, it will lead to dissatisfied employees who are consistently demotivated and disappointed in their job which ultimately affects the job productivity.

The research paper titled “ A study on trend analysis of spices export from India” is an attempt to predict the factors influencing the export of spices in India. In this analysis we have predicted the export quantity and value of spices for the year 2021 by using the secondary data of quantity and values for the past 5 years. Through this analysis exporters will be able to analyse the international market and predict the demand for export of spices in future.

Customer relationship management (CRM) is a mixture of individual, process and technology that tries to understand their company’s customers. Most of the tourism companies coordinated ways to deal with overseeing connections by focusing on customer maintenance and relationship improvement. CRM has developed from progresses in technology and hierarchical changes in customer driven processes. Tourism companies that effectively execute, customer relationship management will receive the benefits in customer loyalty and long run productivity or profitability. In any case, effective execution is most of the tourism company requires customer relationship management all inclusive, cross functional, customer focused business measure re-designing the framework. In spite of the facts CRM is a technology, customer relationship management is an only technology which helps the tourism industry in bringing solutions for the customers in order to satisfy their needs and wants. Dealing with an effective CRM execution requires a coordinated and adjusted way to deal with technology, process and individuals. The sample size of the study is 70 and tools which are used to find secondary data are frequency analysis, mean analysis, independent t test, ANOVA (one way), and regression analysis.

Frictional keratosis represents increased keratin production in response to chronic mechanical irritation. The retromolar pad and edentulous alveolar ridge are the most common sites of involvement due to trauma from food being crushed against the mucosa during mastication. A fractured tooth or rough restoration may lead to the development of frictional keratosis on the adjacent lateral tongue or buccal mucosa.These lesions do not undergo malignant change and should resolve after the source of irritation is eliminated. The aim of the study was to investigate the association of a third molar eruption with frictional keratosis among the patients of Saveetha dental college. A total of 200 patients with keratosis were taken into the study from Saveetha Dental College, Chennai. The data was collected from case sheets of patients who reported for various dental treatments between the period of June 2019 to March 2020 which consists of patients' demographic data, personal history, medical history, intra and extraoral findings and photographs which are taken with patients' concern. Chi square test was done using SPSS..The results showed 20-30 year old patients were seen maximum with all the reported clinical findings.This proportion decreases with increase in age groups.Maxillary third molars had maximum number of buccoverted teeth (18 - buccoverted 21% and sharp cusp 3%) (28- buccoverted 9.5% and sharp cusp 6.5%) and mandibular third molars were reported with maximum number of sharp cuspal tips (38-35% sharp cusp and 5% buccoverted)(48- 9% sharp cusp and 1.5% buccoverted).Within the limitations of the study, the results show that buccoverted third molars are the most common reason that causes frictional keratosis followed by sharp cuspal tips and cheek biting habits. However tobacco pouch keratosis is also seen among the patients.

The research paper titled a Study on green initiatives and its reflection on green human resource management in IT Company. Descriptive research is applied using a simple random method of sampling with 74 respondents. The main aim of this paper is to show the impact of green human resource and its practices in the IT industry. Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) is a set of practices used by a company to reduce its carbon footprint. It has been observed that there is an increased awareness within the business environment on the motivation on going green and adopting various techniques to manage the environment. GHRM is a budding concept which is ready to explore green economic sides of business as the business world is going global. It is important for the company to follow GHRM to maintain its image by being an eco -friendly company which results in greater efficiency, low costs and better employee engagement and retention. It is found that practicing GHRM is influenced by factors like Green focus on CSR, Green Recruitment and Selection, Green Training and Development, Green Transportation, Green Printing, E-filing and Energy savings.

Electronic Medical Record (EMR) framework is a longitudinal electronic record comprising all patient data. It allows patient data information to keep an advanced clinical report. In others viewpoint, should be a digitalised variant to hospitalised persons clinical report should documented in manual outline.EMRs are something beyond a substitution for paper records. They adequately permit correspondence and coordination among individuals from a medical care group for ideal patient consideration. Digital medical record exploits medical assist regarded a record registered report diverse extensive stretches. An EMR is standard online medical data used by physicians and other healthcare professionals for examination and treatment of patient issues. The frameworks coordinate accurate documentation involved to implement changes in setting appointing, charging, check out. EMR became an important innovation and a tool for record keeping and transferring medical records. Improve quality, security, effectiveness, and decrease health variations. Maintain privacy and confidentiality of patient well-being data. Although patient clinical records are more available and accessible than ever before, processing system upgrades are continually enhancing medical data information workflow and physician-patient interactions.

The developmental defects of the enamel (DDE) may be the alternation of enamel that may affect an area of one surface or may be widespread affecting all the surface of the teeth. Early diagnosis of developmental defects of the enamel can prevent the child from having an impact on oral health. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of developmental defects of enamel in children visiting a university hospital in the Chennai population. This was a retrospective study done under a University setting. It was seen that 334 patients had Developmental Defects of Enamel. The data was collected from June 2019 to March 2020. The data was tabulated and entered in excel and the data was analysed using SPSS package software. The overall prevalence of the DDE was found to be 47%. The most common deformity was Hypoplasia (24.3%) and the least common deformity was Molar Incisal Demineralisation and Amelogenesis Imperfecta (0.9%). The most common tooth affected was maxillary left central incisor (5.1%) and the least common deformity was found in mandibular right first premolar and primary dentition (0.3%). There was a statistically significant association between DDE and  buccal surface of teeth. It indicates the need for educating the population about the risk factors for the DDE.

The terms 'Human resource management' and 'Human resources’ have generally supplanted the term 'personnel management' and furthermore consider it as a cycle which is associated with dealing with the associations. Human Resource Management is the way toward enlisting the up-and-comers, choosing the correct candidate for particular job, accepting representatives, providing orientation, training and development, assessing the presentation of workers, choosing remuneration and giving advantages, propelling workers, keeping up legitimate relations with workers and their worker's organizations, motivating employees , ensuring employees safety, welfare and health measures of the employees. The objectives of HR in an organisation are as follows: Understand the scope of human resource management (HRM),explain what human resource management is and how it relates to the management process. Many organisations are managing with the Covid-19 coronavirus widespread by ordering or empowering representatives work from domestic all over the world. As the coronavirus spreads, working from domestic is the unused typical for specialists. Representative help programs (EAPs) will be important sources of organizational bolster to help representatives going through challenging times and progress their well- being and resilience. Again, a look on the Net of Science uncovers exceptionally few thoughts about EAPs in Asian nations. This activated organizational reactions such as decentralizing their operations and moving workers out of base camp, particularly in the event that found in huge urban ranges. This in turn driven to organizations re-examining their recompense arrangements to superior reflect emolument levels related with the nearby work showcase. A survey has been collected from the HR professionals from various organisations regarding the various challenges that have been faced by them during pandemic and in post pandemic and to find out the most influencing factors among the various challenges.

The aim of this retroperspective study was to assess the preference of analgesic drugs administered for pain control following dental extraction of teeth. The study was conducted in a  University based setting.The study group of this research were patients who reported to the clinics with moderate to severe toothache/ dental pain who required tooth extraction.Case sheets were reviewed between June 2019 to March 2020.Data were analyzed using SPSS software (IBM SPSS Statistics, Version 24.0, Armonk, NY: IBM Corp).  Chi square test was applied to find the association between the parameters and the level of significance.A total of 7888 patients were involved in this study.  45.7% were female patients and 54.3% were male patients. About 70.3% of the population falls in the age category 21-60 years.Around 45.8% of the population were prescribed with Paracetamol. The commonly prescribed combination analgesic of choice was Paracetamol and Aceclofenac for  26.6%  of the patients. We conclude that middle aged patients in the age group 21-60 years were prescribed Paracetamol as the first analgesic of choice for postoperative dental pain control.

The study focuses on understanding the association between organisational citizenship behaviour and employee engagement in the IT industry. Employee engagement is studied with two dimensions namely job engagement and organisational engagement. Convenience sampling method is used to collect data from 62 employees. Multiple linear regression is used to analyse the data. The results prove that both job engagement and organisational engagement are significant positive predictors of above citizenship behaviour. Suggestions for incorporating employee engagement activities in the workplace is provided for HR managers.

Space maintainers are the most commonly used appliance for interceptive orthodontics. Space maintainer is mainly used when there is premature loss of deciduous molar to eliminate or reduce the severity of developing malocclusion.The aim of this study was to evaluate the acceptance of space maintainer in paediatric patients undergoing extraction of early loss of primary teeth. This study included children below the age of 9 years, both male and female, reported to Saveetha Dental College between June 2019 to March 2020 with the history of primary tooth extraction. Inclusion criteria included paediatric patients below 9 years of age who were indicated for space maintainers. Exclusion criteria included adult patients, medically-compromised patients, patients with special care needs and patients with congenital missing teeth. A total of around 1700 patient records were reviewed and analysed for the inclusion criteria and the following parameters were gathered; patients' age,  gender, patients acceptance towards space maintainer and type of space maintainer given. Data was recorded in Microsoft Office Excel (2013) and analysed using SPSS Software Version 26.0. Chi-square test was done to find out correlation between variables. Significant level test was set at p<0.05. The results proved that a total of 702 children indicated for space maintainers. Acceptance of space maintainer was observed in 10.3% of patients.Statistically significant association was found in acceptance of space maintainer between age groups (p<0.05). Within the limits of this study, it is concluded that 10.3% acceptance of space maintainer was found among patients. Children with 6 years of age had a favourable acceptance towards space maintainers. The deleterious effect in non acceptance space maintainer and awareness about the preventive orthodontics should be instilled among parents and children.

Organisations spend a lot of resources for training talented employees and making them worthy, retention of such employees is a crucial task for an organisation. The target of the current study was to research explicit maintenance factors that prompted the authoritative responsibility of high innovation workers. The sample for the data is collected from the 62 expert IT professionals from a reputed IT company in Chennai. The Organizational Commitment Scale and a maintenance factor estimation scale were managed. The most applicable logical variables were pay, work qualities, employee’s assistance and work/life balance strategies, which seemed to impact the improvement of hierarchical responsibility in high innovation employees or representatives. The implications of the study are also examined. The study focuses to help the organizations to determine the retention strategies for the maintenance of employees.

The aim of this paper is to study digital marketing in consumer purchase decisions and to find out as to whether the consumers are aware of digital marketing and the digital channels influence in their purchase decision. The study is carried out through surveys from101 respondents. The results of the survey are analyzed using Regression .The findings revealed that customers are aware of digital marketing and shopping goods through digital channels in their purchase behaviour. The study is performed in a particular need to learn to meet global customers where they spend most of their time on the internet. So digital marketing helps you create brand awareness through channels such as social media ,e-mail,website,search engines to get the clear picture about the impact of digital marketing on customer purchase decisions.

The research paper title work from home: A study on wellbeing of employees during work from home during coronavirus pandemic. The main objective of the study is to know how the employee wellbeing is affected due to work from home. Especially in the IT industry the work life balance of the employees is affected badly. The descriptive research is used in this study as the research design and the sampling method is used as the convenience sampling. The size of the sample collected in this study is sixty (60) also the primary data is used. The statistical tools used in this study are frequency analysis, mean analysis and regression. Regression analysis is used to measure the wellbeing of the employees during COVID-19 pandemic. The components used to measure the impacts of work from home on employee wellbeing are work demands, home demands, work interfering with family, family interfering work and employee wellbeing. This analysis will be useful for the human resource managers to know the wellbeing of the employees during work from home.

This study has been conducted to examine Employee Retention Strategy used in the IT sector to retain their employees. Employee Retention refers to the different practices which let the employees retain in an organisation for a longer period of time. Each organisation invests time and cash to prepare a new employee, make him a corporate prepared material and carry him at standard with the current employees. The organisation is totally at loss when the employees give up positions once they are completely prepared. Employee retention considers the different estimates taken with the goal that an individual stays in an organisation for the greatest timeframe. Retention strategies are policies and plans that organisations follow to decrease worker turnover and attrition and guarantee employees are locked in and gainful long haul. The critical test for organizations is guaranteeing a retention methodology lines up with business objectives to guarantee the most extreme degree of profitability. The questionnaire was conducted to gather primary data, and it is directly led from the employees to recognize the elements that make them resolved to serve their current organisation. The findings of the study reveals that the increase in rewards and recognition, good working environment, supervisor support and contribution of increased supervisor support career opportunity has a positive significant impact on Employee Retention in the IT sector.

Banking sector in India witnessed a tremendous growth because of innovation technology and product. The research paper titled the role of banks in the growth of Indian economy. This paper studies factors influencing the role of the Bank in the growth of Indian economy. Descriptive research is applied using a convenience method of sampling 109 respondents. The tools  used for the study are mean analysis, frequency analysis, t-test, ANOVA and factor analysis. It is found that Modern business, business facilitator, employment opportunity, banking services, finance assistance, agricultural sector, trade, loans are the factors influencing the role of the Bank in growth of Indian economy and there is no significant difference between the customers and perception towards Indian economy.

People have been bombarded by advertising for decades; every TV channel watched in, every social media page posted, every magazine opened, the advertisements are there. Audiences have grown with this.We have learned to filter messages, prevent advertisements from our views and minds, and exercise selective attention and concentrate on only what we want In fact, consumers now have the potential to 'protect' themselves from different marketing ads with technology such as remote control, ad blockers, web filtering, and many more.From an ethical perspective, this paper will address the issue of stealth marketing within the scope of its practises. Issues to be addressed include the impact of stealth marketing on audiences, the rationale for the practise, and some recommendations. Here this study involves a descriptive research method as research design and samples for the finding purpose were collected from 85 respondents along with the help of primary data. The research findings were analyzed using tools like frequency analysis, mean analysis, independent t test and ANOVA analysis.

The hyping quantity of small - sized shipments and their frequency variation, due to the growth of e-commerce, pose a great challenge to logistics service providers. At the same time, new technologies and contrivances are being developed with the object of hyping the efficaciousness of logistics service providers. Delivered at their position of choice for business this means increased competition. On demand hyperlocal delivery business model connects the transplanted offline business holders to guests through a digital platform. Transplanted offline retailers and service providers got a new development of life for their business ever since the arrival and rise of hyperlocal platforms and Packing the outbound delivery done manually as well as automatically. The findings of the study reveals that the increase in packing, tracking, payment, pricing, schedule delivery having positive linear relationship with respect to customer perception and behaviors. The aim of this paper is to know the perception of customers while delivering a product.

This article analyzes the modern development of innovative activity, characterized by an increase in the role of its results in the life of mankind, both in spiritual and material production. At a certain stage of innovation, the role of intellectual property depends on the content of work, and, therefore, it is closely related to the structure of the innovation process and the characteristics of its stages. 

The study of trends in the development of the world economy showed the importance of innovations. In modern conditions of increasing competition in the high-tech markets, the role of management approaches and mechanisms used by players in these markets for a successful competitive struggle is increasing. The methods and approaches developed in the framework of strategic marketing have not lost their relevance at the present time. This paper shows the principal approach to reach the excellence in innovation development. World experience is presented in this work in the way to search the solution. Outsourcing approach is shown as a primary method of technology advance achievement.

The study of trends in the development of the world economy showed that the formation in the near future of new global markets in the research and production sphere and the corporate sector, actively interact with each other. That can be named as the market of technological competencies and the market of problems and tasks. The role and place of technological competencies, as well as problems and tasks, as new objects of management in the innovation sphere are determined. The concepts of “unique technological competencies” and “requests for external innovations” are formulated. The basis of the latter are the problems and tasks of business. In addition to the term “key competencies of a company” that has become established in modern scientific literature, a new “unique technological competence of a team of specialists” has been introduced, in addition, a new concept is proposed in the form of “owner of a problem or task”, which together represent new subjects of management in the innovation sphere. It has been established that “unique technological competencies of teams” are the essential basis of the Centers of Global Excellence and Centers of Global Competitiveness, and measuring organizations in terms of the number and quality of such centers they have is a new approach to assessing the potential for innovative development. On the basis of practical examples, it is shown that the creation of management systems for these objects and entities opens up new, previously almost never used, ways of diversification and commercialization.
 

The policy in the field of environmental development is determined by the implementation of measures for the implementation of the constitutional rights and obligations of citizens of the Russian Federation by the legislative and executive authorities in this area, on the basis of the "Fundamentals of state policy in the field of environmental development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030" approved by the President of the Russian Federation».  According to Article 72 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation includes:
- issues of ownership, use and disposal of land, subsoil, water and other natural resources;
- nature management;
- environmental protection and environmental safety;
- specially protected natural areas;
- administrative, administrative procedural, land, water, forestry legislation, legislation on subsoil, on environmental protection.
The strategic goal of state policy in the field of environmental development is to solve socio-economic problems that ensure environmentally oriented economic growth, preserve a favorable environment, biological diversity and natural resources to meet the needs of present and future generations, realize the right of every person to a healthy environment, strengthen the rule of law in the field of environmental protection and environmental safety.